Amphetamines

Other psychotropic amines include 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine, p-methoxyamphetamine (PMA), and p-methoxymethamphetamine (PMMA). These are not generally detected in screening tests and may not be reported in confirmation tests unless specifically requested.

Other drugs that are metabolized to methamphetamine/amphetamine: benzphetamine, clobenzorex, famprofazone, fenethylline, and fenproporex.

Use

Appetite suppressants

Mood enhancers (psychotropics)

Treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Nasal decongestants, bronchodilators

Limitations

Screen [urine]: immunoassay on automated chemistry analyzers

Amphetamine: Generally do not give positive results for l-amphetamine, MDA, MDMA, ephedrine, phentermine.

Ecstasy: The target analyte of most immunoassays is MDMA. Screen will not give positive results with d/l-amphetamine, d/l-methamphetamine, phentermine, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, PMA, PMMA.

Screen [serum]: ELISA

Target analyte: d-amphetamine. Will not give positive results with l-amphetamine, l-methamphetamine, phenylpropanolamine, MDMA, MDE.

May produce positive results with MDA.

Confirmation [serum/urine]:

Confirmation techniques do not typically differentiate between d and l forms of amphetamine and methamphetamine.