Diagnosis and Treatment: An Algorithmic Approach

para>Shadi Hamdeh, MD and Adil Abdalla, MD

Camilleri M. Management of patients with chronic abdominal pain in clinical practice. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2006;18(7):499-506.

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Shadi Hamdeh, MD and Adil Abdalla, MD

Camilleri M. Management of patients with chronic abdominal pain in clinical practice. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2006;18(7):499-506.

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Abdominal Pain, Lower

Andrew G. Alexander, MD, Maegan Dupper, MD, and Heidi S. Millard, MD

Cartwright SL, Knudson MP. Diagnostic imaging of acute abdominal pain in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2015;91(7):452-459.

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Andrew G. Alexander, MD, Maegan Dupper, MD, and Heidi S. Millard, MD

Cartwright SL, Knudson MP. Diagnostic imaging of acute abdominal pain in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2015;91(7):452-459.

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Abdominal Pain, Upper

Matthew Chandler, MD and Marie L. Borum, MD, EdD, MPH

Yamamoto W, Kono H, Maekawa M, et al. The relationship between abdominal pain regions and specific diseases: an epidemiologic approach to clinical practice. J Epidemiol. 1997;7(1):27-32.

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Matthew Chandler, MD and Marie L. Borum, MD, EdD, MPH

Yamamoto W, Kono H, Maekawa M, et al. The relationship between abdominal pain regions and specific diseases: an epidemiologic approach to clinical practice. J Epidemiol. 1997;7(1):27-32.

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Acetaminophen Poisoning, Treatment

Marissa T. Casagrande, PharmD, Ryan B. Feeney, PharmD, and Frank M. Mazzotta, DO

Hodgman MJ, Garrard AR. A review of acetaminophen poisoning. Crit Care Clin. 2012;28(4):499-516.

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Marissa T. Casagrande, PharmD, Ryan B. Feeney, PharmD, and Frank M. Mazzotta, DO

Hodgman MJ, Garrard AR. A review of acetaminophen poisoning. Crit Care Clin. 2012;28(4):499-516.

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Acidosis

Katelin Engerer, MD and Robert J. Hyde, MD, MA, NRP, FACEP

Kaplan LJ, Frangos S. Clinical review: acid-base abnormalities in the intensive care unit-part II. Crit Care. 2005;9(2):198-203.

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Katelin Engerer, MD and Robert J. Hyde, MD, MA, NRP, FACEP

Kaplan LJ, Frangos S. Clinical review: acid-base abnormalities in the intensive care unit-part II. Crit Care. 2005;9(2):198-203.

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Acne

Jason N. Butler, DO, MS and Lloyd A. Runser, MD, MPH

Lolis MS, Bowe WP, Shalita AR. Acne and systemic disease. Med Clin North Am. 2009;93(6):1161-1181.

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Jason N. Butler, DO, MS and Lloyd A. Runser, MD, MPH

Lolis MS, Bowe WP, Shalita AR. Acne and systemic disease. Med Clin North Am. 2009;93(6):1161-1181.

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Alcohol Withdrawal, Treatment

Paul A. Tate, Jr., MD and Paul A. Savel, MD

Muncie HL Jr, Yasinian Y, Oge' L. Outpatient management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Am Fam Physician. 2013;88(9):589-595.

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Paul A. Tate, Jr., MD and Paul A. Savel, MD

Muncie HL Jr, Yasinian Y, Oge' L. Outpatient management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Am Fam Physician. 2013;88(9):589-595.

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Alkaline Phosphatase Elevation

Reem Hadi, MD and Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD

Siddique A, Kowdley KV. Approach to a patient with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. Clin Liver Dis. 2012;16(2):199-229.

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Reem Hadi, MD and Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD

Siddique A, Kowdley KV. Approach to a patient with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. Clin Liver Dis. 2012;16(2):199-229.

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Amenorrhea, Secondary

Maria Montanez, MD and Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD

Master-Hunter T, Heiman DL. Amenorrhea: evaluation and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2006;73(8):1374-1382.

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Maria Montanez, MD and Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD

Master-Hunter T, Heiman DL. Amenorrhea: evaluation and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2006;73(8):1374-1382.

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Anemia

Robert A. Baldor, MD, FAAFP and Alan M. Ehrlich, MD

Smith DL. Anemia in the elderly. Am Fam Physician. 2000;62(7):1565-1572.

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Robert A. Baldor, MD, FAAFP and Alan M. Ehrlich, MD

Smith DL. Anemia in the elderly. Am Fam Physician. 2000;62(7):1565-1572.

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Anxiety

Bettina Bernstein, DO

Combs H, Markman J. Anxiety disorders in primary care. Med Clin North Am. 2014;98(5):1007-1023.

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Bettina Bernstein, DO

Combs H, Markman J. Anxiety disorders in primary care. Med Clin North Am. 2014;98(5):1007-1023.

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AST Elevation

Daniel J. Stein, MD, MPH and Stephen K. Lane, MD, FAAFP

Giboney PT. Mildly elevated liver transaminase levels in the asymptomatic patient. Am Fam Physician. 2005;71(6):1105-1110.

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Daniel J. Stein, MD, MPH and Stephen K. Lane, MD, FAAFP

Giboney PT. Mildly elevated liver transaminase levels in the asymptomatic patient. Am Fam Physician. 2005;71(6):1105-1110.

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Asthma Exacerbation, Pediatric Acute

Jasmit S. Minhas, MD and John A. Saryan, MD

National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR-3): guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma-summary report 2007. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007;120(5)(Suppl):S94-S138.

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Jasmit S. Minhas, MD and John A. Saryan, MD

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Asthma, Initial Treatment

Michael C. Barros, PharmD, BCPS, BCACP, Colleen M. Prinzivalli, PharmD, BCPS, CGP, and Alia Chisty, MD, MS FACP

Elward KS, Pollart SM. Medical therapy for asthma: updates from the NAEPP guidelines. Am Fam Physician. 2010;82(10):1242-1251.

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Michael C. Barros, PharmD, BCPS, BCACP, Colleen M. Prinzivalli, PharmD, BCPS, CGP, and Alia Chisty, MD, MS FACP

Elward KS, Pollart SM. Medical therapy for asthma: updates from the NAEPP guidelines. Am Fam Physician. 2010;82(10):1242-1251.

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Asthma, Maintenance

Michael C. Barros, PharmD, BCPS, BCACP, Colleen M. Prinzivalli, PharmD, BCPS, CGP, and Alia Chisty, MD, MS FACP

Elward KS, Pollart SM. Medical therapy for asthma: updates from the NAEPP guidelines. Am Fam Physician. 2010;82(10):1242-1251.

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Michael C. Barros, PharmD, BCPS, BCACP, Colleen M. Prinzivalli, PharmD, BCPS, CGP, and Alia Chisty, MD, MS FACP

Elward KS, Pollart SM. Medical therapy for asthma: updates from the NAEPP guidelines. Am Fam Physician. 2010;82(10):1242-1251.

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Ataxia

Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD and Teny Anna Philip, MD

Brunberg JA. Ataxia. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2008;29(7):1420-1422.

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Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD and Teny Anna Philip, MD

Brunberg JA. Ataxia. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2008;29(7):1420-1422.

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Cardiac Arrhythmias

Amaninderapal S. Ghotra, MD, Suma Chennubhotla, MD, and Kelly McCants, MD

Link MS. Clinical practice. Evaluation and initial treatment of supraventricular tachycardia. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(15):1438-1448.

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Amaninderapal S. Ghotra, MD, Suma Chennubhotla, MD, and Kelly McCants, MD

Link MS. Clinical practice. Evaluation and initial treatment of supraventricular tachycardia. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(15):1438-1448.

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Cervical Hyperextension Injury

Bobby Peters, MD, FAAEM

Pimentel L, Diegelmann L. Evaluation and management of acute cervical spine trauma. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2010;28(4):719-738.

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Bobby Peters, MD, FAAEM

Pimentel L, Diegelmann L. Evaluation and management of acute cervical spine trauma. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2010;28(4):719-738.

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Chest Pain/Acute Coronary Syndrome

Jeremy Golding, MD, FAAFP

Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2014;130(25):2354-2394.

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Jeremy Golding, MD, FAAFP

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Child Abuse

Wynne S. Morgan, MD and Peter J. Sell, DO, FAAP

Campbell KA, Olson LM, Keenan HT. Critical elements in the medical evaluation of suspected child physical abuse. Pediatrics. 2015;136(1):35-43.

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Wynne S. Morgan, MD and Peter J. Sell, DO, FAAP

Campbell KA, Olson LM, Keenan HT. Critical elements in the medical evaluation of suspected child physical abuse. Pediatrics. 2015;136(1):35-43.

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Chronic Joint Pain and Stiffness

Kimberly Sikule, MD and J. Herbert Stevenson, MD

Pujalte GG, Albano-Aluquin SA. Differential diagnosis of polyarticular arthritis. Am Fam Physician. 2015;92(1):35-41.

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Kimberly Sikule, MD and J. Herbert Stevenson, MD

Pujalte GG, Albano-Aluquin SA. Differential diagnosis of polyarticular arthritis. Am Fam Physician. 2015;92(1):35-41.

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Diagnosis and Treatment

Scott E. Kopec, MD

Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. http://www.goldcopd.org/

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Scott E. Kopec, MD

Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. http://www.goldcopd.org/

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Cirrhosis

Robert A. Baldor, MD, FAAFP and Alan M. Ehrlich, MD

Porter ML, Dennis BL. Hyperbilirubinemia in the term newborn. Am Fam Physician. 2002;65(4):599-606.

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Robert A. Baldor, MD, FAAFP and Alan M. Ehrlich, MD

Porter ML, Dennis BL. Hyperbilirubinemia in the term newborn. Am Fam Physician. 2002;65(4):599-606.

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Concussion, Sideline Evaluation

Caitlyn M. Rerucha, MD and Michelle E. Szczepanik, MD

Harmon KG, Drezner JA, Gammons M, et al. American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement: concussion in sport. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(1):15-26.

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Caitlyn M. Rerucha, MD and Michelle E. Szczepanik, MD

Harmon KG, Drezner JA, Gammons M, et al. American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement: concussion in sport. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(1):15-26.

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Congestive Heart Failure: Differential Diagnosis

Michael T. Tanoue, MD, Parag Goyal, MD, and James M. Horowitz, MD, FACC

King M, Kingery J, Casey B. Diagnosis and evaluation of heart failure. Am Fam Physician. 2012;85(12):1161-1168.

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Michael T. Tanoue, MD, Parag Goyal, MD, and James M. Horowitz, MD, FACC

King M, Kingery J, Casey B. Diagnosis and evaluation of heart failure. Am Fam Physician. 2012;85(12):1161-1168.

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Constipation, Diagnosis and Treatment (Adult)

Daniel J. Stein, MD, MPH and Stephen K. Lane, MD, FAAFP

Longstreth GF, Thompson WG, Chey WD, et al. Functional bowel disorders. Gastroenterology. 2006;130(5):1480-1491.

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Daniel J. Stein, MD, MPH and Stephen K. Lane, MD, FAAFP

Longstreth GF, Thompson WG, Chey WD, et al. Functional bowel disorders. Gastroenterology. 2006;130(5):1480-1491.

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Constipation, Treatment (Pediatric)

Bethany N. Teer, MD

Tabbers MM, DiLorenzo C, Berger MY, et al. Evaluation and treatment of functional constipation in infants and children: evidence-based recommendations from ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014;58(2):258-274.

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Bethany N. Teer, MD

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Contraception

Amanda M. Carnes, MD

Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
U.S. Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2013: adapted from the World Health Organization selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use, 2nd edition. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2013;62(RR-05):1-60.

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Amanda M. Carnes, MD

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Deep Venous Thrombosis, Diagnosis and Treatment

Bency K. Louidor-Paulynice, MD and Kimberly Bombaci, MD

Wells P, Forgie M, Rodger M. Treatment of venous thromboembolism. JAMA. 2014;311(7):717-728.

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Bency K. Louidor-Paulynice, MD and Kimberly Bombaci, MD

Wells P, Forgie M, Rodger M. Treatment of venous thromboembolism. JAMA. 2014;311(7):717-728.

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Dehydration, Pediatric

L. Michelle Seawright, DO and Nathaniel Stepp, DO, LCDR, USN

Tschudy M, Arcara K. Harriet Lane Handbook. 19th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2012:271-291.

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L. Michelle Seawright, DO and Nathaniel Stepp, DO, LCDR, USN

Tschudy M, Arcara K. Harriet Lane Handbook. 19th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2012:271-291.

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Delirium

Michelle DiBetta, MD and Holly L. Baab, MD

Kalish VB, Gillham JE, Unwin BK. Delirium in older persons: evaluation and management. Am Fam Physician. 2014;90(3):150-158.

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Michelle DiBetta, MD and Holly L. Baab, MD

Kalish VB, Gillham JE, Unwin BK. Delirium in older persons: evaluation and management. Am Fam Physician. 2014;90(3):150-158.

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Dementia

Kristin Grindstaff, DO and Casandra Cashman, MD, FAAFP

Simmons BB, Hartmann B, Dejoseph D. Evaluation of suspected dementia. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(8):895-902.

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Kristin Grindstaff, DO and Casandra Cashman, MD, FAAFP

Simmons BB, Hartmann B, Dejoseph D. Evaluation of suspected dementia. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(8):895-902.

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Depressive Episode, Major

Wendy K. Marsh, MD, MSc

US Department of Verterans Affairs. VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Major Depressive Disorder. Washington, DC: Department of Veteran Affairs; 2010.

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Wendy K. Marsh, MD, MSc

US Department of Verterans Affairs. VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Major Depressive Disorder. Washington, DC: Department of Veteran Affairs; 2010.

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Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Treatment

Emily Bouley, MD and Frank J. Domino, MD

Westerberg DP. Diabetic ketoacidosis: evaluation and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2013;87(5):337-346.

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Emily Bouley, MD and Frank J. Domino, MD

Westerberg DP. Diabetic ketoacidosis: evaluation and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2013;87(5):337-346.

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Diarrhea, Chronic

Lakshmi Devi Nelson Lattimer, MD and Marie L. Borum, MD, EdD, MPH

Schiller LR. Definitions, pathophysiology, and evaluation of chronic diarrhoea. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;25(5):551-562.

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Lakshmi Devi Nelson Lattimer, MD and Marie L. Borum, MD, EdD, MPH

Schiller LR. Definitions, pathophysiology, and evaluation of chronic diarrhoea. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;25(5):551-562.

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Discharge, Vaginal

Nicole Shields, MD

Hainer BL, Gibson MV. Vaginitis. Am Fam Physician. 2011;83(7):807-815.

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Nicole Shields, MD

Hainer BL, Gibson MV. Vaginitis. Am Fam Physician. 2011;83(7):807-815.

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Dizziness

Jamal Islam, MD, MS

Pigott DC, Rosko CI. The dizzy patient: an evidence-based diagnosis and treatment strategy. Emerg Med Pract. 2001;3(3):1-20.

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Jamal Islam, MD, MS

Pigott DC, Rosko CI. The dizzy patient: an evidence-based diagnosis and treatment strategy. Emerg Med Pract. 2001;3(3):1-20.

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Dyspepsia

Jennifer L. Hamilton, MD, PhD, FAAFP

Talley NJ, Ford AC. Functional dyspepsia. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(19):1853-1863.

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Jennifer L. Hamilton, MD, PhD, FAAFP

Talley NJ, Ford AC. Functional dyspepsia. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(19):1853-1863.

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Dysphagia

Shari Anthony, MD and Maria Cynthia S. Lopez, MD, FAAFP

Malagelada JR, Bazzoli F, Boeckxstaens G, et al. World gastroenterology organisation global guidelines: dysphagia-global guidelines and cascades update September 2014. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015;49(5):370-378.

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Shari Anthony, MD and Maria Cynthia S. Lopez, MD, FAAFP

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Erythrocytosis

Manisha J. Patel, MD and Tarun Kewalramani, MD

Patnaik MM, Tefferi A. The complete evaluation of erythrocytosis: congenital and acquired. Leukemia. 2009;23(5):834-844.

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Manisha J. Patel, MD and Tarun Kewalramani, MD

Patnaik MM, Tefferi A. The complete evaluation of erythrocytosis: congenital and acquired. Leukemia. 2009;23(5):834-844.

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Fatigue

Paavan Mehta, MD and Frank J. Domino, MD

Rosenthal TC, Majeroni BA, Pretorius R, et al. Fatigue: an overview. Am Fam Physician. 2008;78(10):1173-1179.

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Paavan Mehta, MD and Frank J. Domino, MD

Rosenthal TC, Majeroni BA, Pretorius R, et al. Fatigue: an overview. Am Fam Physician. 2008;78(10):1173-1179.

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Fever in the First 3 Months of Life

Robyn Wing, MD and William Jerry Durbin, MD

Byington CL, Reynolds CC, Korgenski K, et al. Costs and infant outcomes after implementation of a care process model for febrile infants. Pediatrics. 2012;130(1):e16-e24.

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Robyn Wing, MD and William Jerry Durbin, MD

Byington CL, Reynolds CC, Korgenski K, et al. Costs and infant outcomes after implementation of a care process model for febrile infants. Pediatrics. 2012;130(1):e16-e24.

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Fever of Unknown Origin

Rachelle E. Toman, MD, PhD, Megan Hollis, MD, and Angela Kuznia, MD, MPH

Hersch EC, Oh RC. Prolonged febrile illness and fever of unknown origin in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2014;90(2):91-96.

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Rachelle E. Toman, MD, PhD, Megan Hollis, MD, and Angela Kuznia, MD, MPH

Hersch EC, Oh RC. Prolonged febrile illness and fever of unknown origin in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2014;90(2):91-96.

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Gait Disturbance

David T. O'Gurek, MD, FAAFP

Salzman B. Gait and balance disorders in older adults. Am Fam Physician. 2010;82(1):61-68.

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David T. O'Gurek, MD, FAAFP

Salzman B. Gait and balance disorders in older adults. Am Fam Physician. 2010;82(1):61-68.

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), Diagnosis and Treatment

Aniruddh Anil Patel, MD and Thomas L. Abell, MD

Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108(3):308-328.

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Aniruddh Anil Patel, MD and Thomas L. Abell, MD

Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108(3):308-328.

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Genital Ulcers

Chidinma Osineme, MD and Midhuna William, MD

Roett MA, Mayor MT, Uduhiri KA. Diagnosis and management of genital ulcers. Am Fam Physician. 2012:85(3):254-262.

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Chidinma Osineme, MD and Midhuna William, MD

Roett MA, Mayor MT, Uduhiri KA. Diagnosis and management of genital ulcers. Am Fam Physician. 2012:85(3):254-262.

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Gynecomastia

Katie L. Westerfield, DO and David C. Bury, DO

Narula HS, Carlson HE. Gynaecomastia-pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014;10(11):684-698.

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Katie L. Westerfield, DO and David C. Bury, DO

Narula HS, Carlson HE. Gynaecomastia-pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014;10(11):684-698.

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Headache, Chronic

Amy Okpaku, DO

Yancey JR, Sheridan R, Koren KG. Chronic daily headache: diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2014;89(8):642-648.

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Amy Okpaku, DO

Yancey JR, Sheridan R, Koren KG. Chronic daily headache: diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2014;89(8):642-648.

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Heart Murmur

Michael Argyle, DO and Brett Johnson, DO

Bonow RO, Carabello BA, Chatterjee K, et al. 2008 Focsed update incorporated into the ACC/AHA 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (writing committee to revise the 1998 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease): endorsed by the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Circulation. 2008;118(15):e523-e661.

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Michael Argyle, DO and Brett Johnson, DO

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Heel Pain

Alec DeCastro, MD

Tu P, Bytomski JR. Diagnosis of heel pain. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(8):909-916.

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Alec DeCastro, MD

Tu P, Bytomski JR. Diagnosis of heel pain. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(8):909-916.

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Hematemesis (Bleeding, Upper Gastrointestinal)

Faruq Pradhan, MBBCh, Lisa N. Jarnagin, MBBCh, BAO, and Stephen C. Fabry, MD

Wilkins T, Khan N, Nabh A, et al. Diagnosis and management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Am Fam Physician. 2012;85(5):469-479.

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Faruq Pradhan, MBBCh, Lisa N. Jarnagin, MBBCh, BAO, and Stephen C. Fabry, MD

Wilkins T, Khan N, Nabh A, et al. Diagnosis and management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Am Fam Physician. 2012;85(5):469-479.

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Hematuria

Krishna Manda, MD, MRCP

Sharp VJ, Barnes KT, Erickson BA. Assessment of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2013;88(11):747-754.

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Krishna Manda, MD, MRCP

Sharp VJ, Barnes KT, Erickson BA. Assessment of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2013;88(11):747-754.

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Hepatomegaly

Matthew Chandler, MD and Marie L. Borum, MD, EdD, MPH

Starr SP, Raines D. Cirrhosis: diagnosis, management, and prevention. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(12):1353-1359.

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Matthew Chandler, MD and Marie L. Borum, MD, EdD, MPH

Starr SP, Raines D. Cirrhosis: diagnosis, management, and prevention. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(12):1353-1359.

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Hypercalcemia

Deborah A. Lardner, DO, DTM&H and Michael Passafaro, DO, DTM&H, FACEP, FACOEP

Kacprowicz RF, Lloyd JD. Electrolyte complications of malignancy. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2009;27(2):257-269.

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Deborah A. Lardner, DO, DTM&H and Michael Passafaro, DO, DTM&H, FACEP, FACOEP

Kacprowicz RF, Lloyd JD. Electrolyte complications of malignancy. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2009;27(2):257-269.

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Hyperkalemia

Matthew C. Kelly, MD and Michelle E. Szczepanik, MD

Kovesdy CP. Management of hyperkalemia: an update for the internist. Am J Med. 2015;128(12):1281-1287.

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Matthew C. Kelly, MD and Michelle E. Szczepanik, MD

Kovesdy CP. Management of hyperkalemia: an update for the internist. Am J Med. 2015;128(12):1281-1287.

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Hyperlipidemia

Jason E. Cross, PharmD, Dinesh Yogaratnam, PharmD, and Sudeep K. Aulakh, MD, FACP, FRCPC

Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH, et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2014;129(25)(Suppl 2):S1-S45.

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Jason E. Cross, PharmD, Dinesh Yogaratnam, PharmD, and Sudeep K. Aulakh, MD, FACP, FRCPC

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Hypernatremia

Timothy J. Coker, MD

Braun MM, Barstow CH, Pyzocha NJ. Diagnosis and management of sodium disorders: hyponatremia and hypernatremia. Am Fam Physician. 2015;91(5):299-307.

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Timothy J. Coker, MD

Braun MM, Barstow CH, Pyzocha NJ. Diagnosis and management of sodium disorders: hyponatremia and hypernatremia. Am Fam Physician. 2015;91(5):299-307.

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Hypertriglyceridemia

Steven W. Gale, MD and Timothy J. Coker, MD

Berglund L, Brunzell JD, Goldberg AC, et al. Evaluation and treatment of hypertriglyceridemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(9):2969-2989.

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Steven W. Gale, MD and Timothy J. Coker, MD

Berglund L, Brunzell JD, Goldberg AC, et al. Evaluation and treatment of hypertriglyceridemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(9):2969-2989.

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Hypoalbuminemia

Lawrence M. Gibbs, MD, MSEd

Gatta A, Verardo A, Bolognesi M. Hypoalbuminemia. Intern Emerg Med. 2012;7(Suppl 3):S193-S199.

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Lawrence M. Gibbs, MD, MSEd

Gatta A, Verardo A, Bolognesi M. Hypoalbuminemia. Intern Emerg Med. 2012;7(Suppl 3):S193-S199.

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Hypocalcemia

Tiffany Burca, DO and Timothy J. Coker, MD

Michels TC, Kelly KM. Parathyroid disorders. Am Fam Physician. 2013;88(4):249-257.

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Tiffany Burca, DO and Timothy J. Coker, MD

Michels TC, Kelly KM. Parathyroid disorders. Am Fam Physician. 2013;88(4):249-257.

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Hypoglycemia

Aimee L. Dietle, PharmD and Stephanie J. Billings, MD

Martens P, Tits J. Approach to the patient with spontaneous hypoglycemia. Eur J Intern Med. 2014;25(5):415-421.

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Aimee L. Dietle, PharmD and Stephanie J. Billings, MD

Martens P, Tits J. Approach to the patient with spontaneous hypoglycemia. Eur J Intern Med. 2014;25(5):415-421.

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Hypokalemia

Nathaniel Cranney, DO and Bethany Teer, MD

Medford-David L, Rafique Z. Derangements of potassium. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2014;32(2):329-347.

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Nathaniel Cranney, DO and Bethany Teer, MD

Medford-David L, Rafique Z. Derangements of potassium. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2014;32(2):329-347.

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Hyponatremia

Sultan M. Babar, MD and R. Aaron Lambert, MD

Lien YH, Shapiro JI. Hyponatremia: clinical diagnosis and management. Am J Med. 2007;120(8):653-658.

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Sultan M. Babar, MD and R. Aaron Lambert, MD

Lien YH, Shapiro JI. Hyponatremia: clinical diagnosis and management. Am J Med. 2007;120(8):653-658.

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Hypotension

Amar Talati, DO and David O. Parrish, MS, MD, FAAFP

Mouncey PR, Osborn TM, Power GS, et al. Trial of early, goal-directed resuscitation for septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(14):1301-1311.

View Original

Amar Talati, DO and David O. Parrish, MS, MD, FAAFP

Mouncey PR, Osborn TM, Power GS, et al. Trial of early, goal-directed resuscitation for septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(14):1301-1311.

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Infertility

Tiffany Tonismae, MD and Emily Evans-Hoeker, MD

Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Diagnostic evaluation of the infertile female: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril. 2015;103(6):e44-e50.

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Tiffany Tonismae, MD and Emily Evans-Hoeker, MD

Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Diagnostic evaluation of the infertile female: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril. 2015;103(6):e44-e50.

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Jaundice

Krunal Patel, MD and Isabel Zacharias, MD

Roche SP, Kobos R. Jaundice in the adult patient. Am Fam Physician. 2004;69(2):299-304.

View Original

Krunal Patel, MD and Isabel Zacharias, MD

Roche SP, Kobos R. Jaundice in the adult patient. Am Fam Physician. 2004;69(2):299-304.

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Knee Pain

Alec DeCastro, MD

Calmbach WL, Hutchens M. Evaluation of patients presenting with knee pain: part I. History, physical examination, radiographs, and laboratory tests. Am Fam Physician. 2003;68(5):907-912.

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Alec DeCastro, MD

Calmbach WL, Hutchens M. Evaluation of patients presenting with knee pain: part I. History, physical examination, radiographs, and laboratory tests. Am Fam Physician. 2003;68(5):907-912.

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Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevation

Curtis L. Galke, DO, FAAFP

Lossos IS, Breuer R, Intrator O, et al. Differential diagnosis of pleural effusion by lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme analysis. Chest. 1997;111(3):648-651.

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Curtis L. Galke, DO, FAAFP

Lossos IS, Breuer R, Intrator O, et al. Differential diagnosis of pleural effusion by lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme analysis. Chest. 1997;111(3):648-651.

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Lead Toxicity, Diagnosis and Treatment (Adult)

Han Q. Bui, MD, MPH

Kosnett MJ, Wedeen RP, Rothenberg SJ, et al. Recommendations for medical management of adult lead exposure. Environ Health Perspect. 2007;115(3):463-471.

View Original

Han Q. Bui, MD, MPH

Kosnett MJ, Wedeen RP, Rothenberg SJ, et al. Recommendations for medical management of adult lead exposure. Environ Health Perspect. 2007;115(3):463-471.

View Original

Low Back Pain, Chronic

Shawna King, DO and Holly L. Baab, MD

Herndon CM, Zoberi KS, Gardner BJ. Common questions about chronic low back pain. Am Fam Physician. 2015;91(10):708-714.

View Original

Shawna King, DO and Holly L. Baab, MD

Herndon CM, Zoberi KS, Gardner BJ. Common questions about chronic low back pain. Am Fam Physician. 2015;91(10):708-714.

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Lymphadenopathy

Pamela Waters, MD and Jonathan S. Bassett, MD

Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, et al. Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools. Iran J Med Sci. 2014;39(2)(Suppl):158-170.

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Pamela Waters, MD and Jonathan S. Bassett, MD

Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, et al. Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools. Iran J Med Sci. 2014;39(2)(Suppl):158-170.

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Lymphopenia

Andrew Smith, MD and Erin Bassett-Novoa, MD

Brass D, Mckay P, Scott F. Investigating an incidental finding of lymphopenia. BMJ. 2014;348:g1721.

View Original

Andrew Smith, MD and Erin Bassett-Novoa, MD

Brass D, Mckay P, Scott F. Investigating an incidental finding of lymphopenia. BMJ. 2014;348:g1721.

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Menopause, Evaluation and Management

Karen Browning, MD and Kelly Pagidas, MD

Huntzinger A. Practice guidelines: AHRQ releases evidence report on managing menopause-related symptoms. Am Fam Physician. 2005;72(4):709-710.

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Karen Browning, MD and Kelly Pagidas, MD

Huntzinger A. Practice guidelines: AHRQ releases evidence report on managing menopause-related symptoms. Am Fam Physician. 2005;72(4):709-710.

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Metabolic Syndrome, Treatment

Munawar Hayat, MD, Amber Durani, PA, and Tasaduq Mir, MD

Ginsberg HN. Treatment for patients with the metabolic syndrome. Am J Cardiol. 2003;91(7A):29E-39E.

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Munawar Hayat, MD, Amber Durani, PA, and Tasaduq Mir, MD

Ginsberg HN. Treatment for patients with the metabolic syndrome. Am J Cardiol. 2003;91(7A):29E-39E.

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Migraine, Treatment

John M. Doan, DO and Robert K. Persons, DO

Worthington I,Pringsheim T, Gawel MJ, et al. Canadian Headache Society guideline: acute drug therapy for migraine headache. Can J Neurol Sci. 2013;40(5)(Suppl 3):S1-S80.

View Original

John M. Doan, DO and Robert K. Persons, DO

Worthington I,Pringsheim T, Gawel MJ, et al. Canadian Headache Society guideline: acute drug therapy for migraine headache. Can J Neurol Sci. 2013;40(5)(Suppl 3):S1-S80.

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Nail Abnormalities

Natasha J. Pyzocha, DO and Douglas M. Maurer, DO, MPH, FAAFP

Tully AS, Trayes KP, Studdiford JS. Evaluation of nail abnormalities. Am Fam Physician. 2012;85(8):779-787.

View Original

Natasha J. Pyzocha, DO and Douglas M. Maurer, DO, MPH, FAAFP

Tully AS, Trayes KP, Studdiford JS. Evaluation of nail abnormalities. Am Fam Physician. 2012;85(8):779-787.

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Neutropenia

Andrew Smith, MD and Erin Bassett-Novoa, MD

Newburger PE, Dale DC. Evaluation and management of patients with isolated neutropenia. Semin Hematol. 2013;50(3):198-206.

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Andrew Smith, MD and Erin Bassett-Novoa, MD

Newburger PE, Dale DC. Evaluation and management of patients with isolated neutropenia. Semin Hematol. 2013;50(3):198-206.

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Nevus, Abnormal

Amy Okpaku, DO

Perkins A, Duffy RL. Atypical moles: diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2015;91(11):762-767.

View Original

Amy Okpaku, DO

Perkins A, Duffy RL. Atypical moles: diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2015;91(11):762-767.

View Original

Pain, Chronic

Ashik Lawrence, MD, Anubhav Kaul, MD, and Margaret Seaver, MD, MPH

Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Health Care Guideline: Assessment and Management of Chronic Pain. 5th ed. Bloomington, MN: Institute of Clinical System Improvement; 2011.

View Original

Ashik Lawrence, MD, Anubhav Kaul, MD, and Margaret Seaver, MD, MPH

Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Health Care Guideline: Assessment and Management of Chronic Pain. 5th ed. Bloomington, MN: Institute of Clinical System Improvement; 2011.

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Pain, Chronic, Treatment

Ashik Lawrence, MD, Anubhav Kaul, MD, and Margaret Seaver, MD, MPH

Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Health Care Guideline: Assessment and Management of Chronic Pain. 5th ed. Bloomington, MN: Institute of Clinical System Improvement; 2011.

View Original

Ashik Lawrence, MD, Anubhav Kaul, MD, and Margaret Seaver, MD, MPH

Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Health Care Guideline: Assessment and Management of Chronic Pain. 5th ed. Bloomington, MN: Institute of Clinical System Improvement; 2011.

View Original

Palpable Breast Mass

Lindsay Petersen, MD and Andrea Madrigrano, MD, FACS

Salzman B, Fleegle S, Tully AS. Common breast problems. Am Fam Physician. 2012;86(4):343-349.

View Original

Lindsay Petersen, MD and Andrea Madrigrano, MD, FACS

Salzman B, Fleegle S, Tully AS. Common breast problems. Am Fam Physician. 2012;86(4):343-349.

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Palpitations

Abbott Cotton Widdicombe, MD and Frank J. Domino, MD

Wexler RK, Pleister A, Raman S. Outpatient approach to palpitations. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(1):63-69.

View Original

Abbott Cotton Widdicombe, MD and Frank J. Domino, MD

Wexler RK, Pleister A, Raman S. Outpatient approach to palpitations. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(1):63-69.

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Pap, Normal and Abnormal in Nonpregnant Women Ages 25 Years and Older

Paul Pastor, MD

Adapted from American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology. Algorithms: updated consensus guidelines for managing abnormal cervical cancer screening tests and cancer precursors. http://www.asccp.org/Portals/9/docs/Algorithms%207.30.13.pdf. Accessed 2015.

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Paul Pastor, MD

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Pap, Normal and Abnormal in Women Ages 21-24 Years

Susan L. Steffans, DO

American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology. Algorithms: updated consensus guidelines for management of abnormal cervical cancer screening tests and cancer precursors. http://www.asccp.org/Portals/9/docs/ASCCP%20Management%20Guidelines_August%202014.pdf. Accessed August 2015.

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Susan L. Steffans, DO

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Parkinson Disease, Treatment

Sarah Coles, MD and William Dabbs, MD

Gazewood JD, Richards DR, Clebak K. Parkinson disease: an update. Am Fam Physician. 2013;87(4):267-273.

View Original

Sarah Coles, MD and William Dabbs, MD

Gazewood JD, Richards DR, Clebak K. Parkinson disease: an update. Am Fam Physician. 2013;87(4):267-273.

View Original

Pediatric Exanthems, Diagnostic

Phillip Fournier, MD

Dyer JA. Childhood viral exanthems. Pediatr Ann. 2007;36(1):21-29.

View Original

Phillip Fournier, MD

Dyer JA. Childhood viral exanthems. Pediatr Ann. 2007;36(1):21-29.

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Pelvic Pain

Meredith Gray, MD and Isaiah Johnson, MD

Howard FM. Chronic pelvic pain. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;101(3):594-611.

View Original

Meredith Gray, MD and Isaiah Johnson, MD

Howard FM. Chronic pelvic pain. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;101(3):594-611.

View Original

Poison Exposure and Treatment

Andrew Romney, DO and Lee T. Church, MD

Frithsen IL, Simpson WM Jr. Recognition and management of acute medication poisoning. Am Fam Physician. 2010;81(3):316-323.

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View Original

Andrew Romney, DO and Lee T. Church, MD

Frithsen IL, Simpson WM Jr. Recognition and management of acute medication poisoning. Am Fam Physician. 2010;81(3):316-323.

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Precocious Puberty

Nicole Shields, MD

Berbero─člu M. Precocious puberty and normal variant puberty: definiton, etiology, diagnosis and current management. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2009;1(4):164-174.

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Nicole Shields, MD

Berbero─člu M. Precocious puberty and normal variant puberty: definiton, etiology, diagnosis and current management. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2009;1(4):164-174.

View Original

Preoperative Evaluation of Noncardiac Surgical Patient

Andrew Grimes, MD and Stacy Jones, MD

Ghadimi K, Thompson A. Update on perioperative care of the cardiac patient for noncardiac surgery. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2015;28(3):342-348.

View Original

Andrew Grimes, MD and Stacy Jones, MD

Ghadimi K, Thompson A. Update on perioperative care of the cardiac patient for noncardiac surgery. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2015;28(3):342-348.

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Proteinuria

John M. Doan, DO and Robert K. Persons, DO

BMJ Best Practice. Assessment of proteinuria. http://us.bestpractice.bmj.com/best-practice/monograph/875.html Updated September 17, 2014. Accessed July 20, 2015.

View Original

John M. Doan, DO and Robert K. Persons, DO

BMJ Best Practice. Assessment of proteinuria. http://us.bestpractice.bmj.com/best-practice/monograph/875.html Updated September 17, 2014. Accessed July 20, 2015.

View Original

Pulmonary Embolism, Diagnosis

Erynn E. Elleby, MD and Lawrence M. Gibbs, MD, MSEd

Dupras D, Bluhm J, Felty C, et al. Institute for clinical systems improvement. Venous thromboembolism diagnosis and treatment. https://www.icsi.org/_asset/sw0pgp/vte.pdf. Updated January 2013.

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Erynn E. Elleby, MD and Lawrence M. Gibbs, MD, MSEd

Dupras D, Bluhm J, Felty C, et al. Institute for clinical systems improvement. Venous thromboembolism diagnosis and treatment. https://www.icsi.org/_asset/sw0pgp/vte.pdf. Updated January 2013.

View Original

Pulmonary Embolism, Treatment

Ryan B. Feeney, PharmD and Frank M. Mazzotta, DO

Jaff MR, McMurtry MS, Archer SL, et al. Management of massive and submassive pulmonary embolism, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2011;123(16):1788-1830.

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Ryan B. Feeney, PharmD and Frank M. Mazzotta, DO

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Rash, Focal

Brandon Kirsch, MD and Jason C. Sluzevich, MD

Ely JW, Seabury Stone M. The generalized rash: part I. Differential diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2010;81(6):726-734.

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Brandon Kirsch, MD and Jason C. Sluzevich, MD

Ely JW, Seabury Stone M. The generalized rash: part I. Differential diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2010;81(6):726-734.

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Rectal Bleeding and Hematochezia

Mohammad Ansar Mughal, MD

Hoedema RE, Luchtefeld MA. The management of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Dis Colon Rectum. 2005;48(11):2010-2024.

View Original

Mohammad Ansar Mughal, MD

Hoedema RE, Luchtefeld MA. The management of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Dis Colon Rectum. 2005;48(11):2010-2024.

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Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

Virginia Van Duyne, MD

Alijotas-Reig J, Garrido-Gimenez C. Current concepts and new trends in the diagnosis and management of recurrent miscarriage. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2013;68(6):445-466.

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Virginia Van Duyne, MD

Alijotas-Reig J, Garrido-Gimenez C. Current concepts and new trends in the diagnosis and management of recurrent miscarriage. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2013;68(6):445-466.

View Original

Red Eye

Drew-Anne Drapala, MD and Vincent Lo, MD, FAAFP

Cronau H, Kankanala RR, Mauger T. Diagnosis and management of red eye in primary care. Am Fam Physician. 2010;81(2):137-144.

View Original

Drew-Anne Drapala, MD and Vincent Lo, MD, FAAFP

Cronau H, Kankanala RR, Mauger T. Diagnosis and management of red eye in primary care. Am Fam Physician. 2010;81(2):137-144.

View Original

Salicylate Poisoning, Acute, Treatment

Alicia G. Lydecker, MD, Matthew K. Griswold, MD, and Kavita Babu, MD

Chyka PA, Erdman AR, Christianson G, et al. Salicylate poisoning: an evidence-based consensus guideline for out-of-hospital management. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2007;45(2):95-131.

View Original

Alicia G. Lydecker, MD, Matthew K. Griswold, MD, and Kavita Babu, MD

Chyka PA, Erdman AR, Christianson G, et al. Salicylate poisoning: an evidence-based consensus guideline for out-of-hospital management. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2007;45(2):95-131.

View Original

Seizure, New Onset

Andrew S. Hellenga, MD and Matthew J. Snyder, DO

Wilden JA, Cohen-Gadol AA. Evaluation of first nonfebrile seizures. Am Fam Physician. 2012;86(4):334-340.

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Andrew S. Hellenga, MD and Matthew J. Snyder, DO

Wilden JA, Cohen-Gadol AA. Evaluation of first nonfebrile seizures. Am Fam Physician. 2012;86(4):334-340.

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Shoulder Pain, Treatment

Shane L. Larson, MD and Derek G. Zickgraf, DO

Song A, Higgins LD, Newman J, et al. Glenohumeral corticosteroid injections in adhesive capsulitis: a systematic search and review. PM R. 2014;6(12):1143-1156.

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Shane L. Larson, MD and Derek G. Zickgraf, DO

Song A, Higgins LD, Newman J, et al. Glenohumeral corticosteroid injections in adhesive capsulitis: a systematic search and review. PM R. 2014;6(12):1143-1156.

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Sickle Cell Anemia, Acute, Evaluation and Management

This algorithm is meant to assist clinicians in the workup and management of common complications of sickle cell disease. It should not replace a physician's clinical judgment or be considered a standardized protocol for all patients.
Andrew S. Hellenga, MD and Matthew J. Snyder, DO

New England Pediatric Sickle Cell Consortium. Clinical practice guidelines. http://www.nepscc.org/nepscc.html. Accessed 2015.

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View Original

New England Pediatric Sickle Cell Consortium. Clinical practice guidelines. http://www.nepscc.org/nepscc.html. Accessed 2015.

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Suicide, Evaluating Risk For

Irene C. Coletsos, MD and Harold J. Bursztajn, MD

Posner K, Oquendo MA, Gould M, et al. Columbia Classification Algorithm of Suicide Assessment (C-CASA): classification of suicidal events in the FDA's pediatric suicidal risk analysis of antidepressants. Am J Psychiatry. 2007;164(7):1035-1043.

View Original

Irene C. Coletsos, MD and Harold J. Bursztajn, MD

View Original

Syncope

Tammy Donoway, DO, FAAFP

Gauer RL. Evaluation of syncope. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(6):640-650.

View Original

Tammy Donoway, DO, FAAFP

Gauer RL. Evaluation of syncope. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(6):640-650.

View Original

Thrombocytopenia

Nupam A. Patel, MD and Samuel B. Carli, MD

Reese JA, Li X, Hauben M, et al. Identifying drugs that cause acute thrombocytopenia: an analysis using 3 distinct methods. Blood. 2010;116(12):2127-2133.

View Original

Nupam A. Patel, MD and Samuel B. Carli, MD

Reese JA, Li X, Hauben M, et al. Identifying drugs that cause acute thrombocytopenia: an analysis using 3 distinct methods. Blood. 2010;116(12):2127-2133.

View Original

Transient Ischemic Attack and Transient Neurologic Defects

Deborah A. Lardner, DO, DTM&H and Michael Passafaro, DO, DTM&H, FACEP, FACOEP

Simmons BB, Cirignano B, Gadegbeku AB. Transient ischemic attack: part I. Diagnosis and evaluation. Am Fam Physician. 2012;86(6):521-526.

View Original

Deborah A. Lardner, DO, DTM&H and Michael Passafaro, DO, DTM&H, FACEP, FACOEP

Simmons BB, Cirignano B, Gadegbeku AB. Transient ischemic attack: part I. Diagnosis and evaluation. Am Fam Physician. 2012;86(6):521-526.

View Original

Tremor

Kenneth Liu, PharmD, Steven J. Crosby, MA, BSP, RPh, FASCP, and Ildiko Halasz, MD

Crawford P, Zimmerman EE. Differentiation and diagnosis of tremor. Am Fam Physician. 2011;83(6):697-702.

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Kenneth Liu, PharmD, Steven J. Crosby, MA, BSP, RPh, FASCP, and Ildiko Halasz, MD

Crawford P, Zimmerman EE. Differentiation and diagnosis of tremor. Am Fam Physician. 2011;83(6):697-702.

View Original

Type 2 Diabetes, Treatment

Andrew G. Alexander, MD

American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes-2015. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(1):S1-S94.

View Original

Andrew G. Alexander, MD

American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes-2015. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(1):S1-S94.

View Original

Uremia

Steven A. House, MD, FAAFP, FAAHPM, HMDC

Rahman M, Shad F, Smith MC. Acute kidney injury: a guide to diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2012;86(7):631-639.

View Original

Steven A. House, MD, FAAFP, FAAHPM, HMDC

Rahman M, Shad F, Smith MC. Acute kidney injury: a guide to diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2012;86(7):631-639.

View Original

Vaginal Bleeding During Pregnancy

Emily Reus, MD and Mark J. Manning, DO, MsMEL

Gracia CR, Barnhart KT. Diagnosing ectopic pregnancy: decision analysis comparing six strategies. Obstet Gynecol. 2001;97(3):464-470.

View Original

Emily Reus, MD and Mark J. Manning, DO, MsMEL

Gracia CR, Barnhart KT. Diagnosing ectopic pregnancy: decision analysis comparing six strategies. Obstet Gynecol. 2001;97(3):464-470.

View Original

Vaginal Bleeding, Abnormal

Tanya E. Anim, MD and Jennifer Tickal Keehbauch, MD

Sweet MG, Schmidt-Dalton TA, Weiss PM, et al. Evaluation and management of abnormal uterine bleeding in premenopausal women. Am Fam Physician. 2012;85(1):35-43.

View Original

Tanya E. Anim, MD and Jennifer Tickal Keehbauch, MD

Sweet MG, Schmidt-Dalton TA, Weiss PM, et al. Evaluation and management of abnormal uterine bleeding in premenopausal women. Am Fam Physician. 2012;85(1):35-43.

View Original

Vitamin D Deficiency

Gisela M. Lopez Payares, MD and Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD

Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, et al. Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(7):1911-1930.

View Original

Gisela M. Lopez Payares, MD and Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD

View Original

Weight Loss, Unintentional

Crystal Amadi, MD and Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD

Gaddey HL, Holder K. Unintentional weight loss in older adults. Am Fam Physician. 2014;89(9):718-722.

View Original

Crystal Amadi, MD and Fozia Akhtar Ali, MD

Gaddey HL, Holder K. Unintentional weight loss in older adults. Am Fam Physician. 2014;89(9):718-722.

View Original

Home

Erectile Dysfunction

Doctor123.org

Diagnosis and Treatment: An Algorithmic Approach

Abdominal Pain, Lower

Abdominal Pain, Upper

Acetaminophen Poisoning, Treatment

Acidosis

Acne

Alcohol Withdrawal, Treatment

Alkaline Phosphatase Elevation

Amenorrhea, Secondary

Anemia

Anxiety

AST Elevation

Asthma Exacerbation, Pediatric Acute

Asthma, Initial Treatment

Asthma, Maintenance

Ataxia

Cardiac Arrhythmias

Cervical Hyperextension Injury

Chest Pain/Acute Coronary Syndrome

Child Abuse

Chronic Joint Pain and Stiffness

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Diagnosis and Treatment

Cirrhosis

Concussion, Sideline Evaluation

Congestive Heart Failure: Differential Diagnosis

Constipation, Diagnosis and Treatment (Adult)

Constipation, Treatment (Pediatric)

Contraception

Deep Venous Thrombosis, Diagnosis and Treatment

Dehydration, Pediatric

Delirium

Dementia

Depressive Episode, Major

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Treatment

Diarrhea, Chronic

Discharge, Vaginal

Dizziness

Dyspepsia

Dysphagia

Erythrocytosis

Fatigue

Fever in the First 3 Months of Life

Fever of Unknown Origin

Gait Disturbance

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), Diagnosis and Treatment

Genital Ulcers

Gynecomastia

Headache, Chronic

Heart Murmur

Heel Pain

Hematemesis (Bleeding, Upper Gastrointestinal)

Hematuria

Hepatomegaly

Hypercalcemia

Hyperkalemia

Hyperlipidemia

Hypernatremia

Hypertriglyceridemia

Hypoalbuminemia

Hypocalcemia

Hypoglycemia

Hypokalemia

Hyponatremia

Hypotension

Infertility

Jaundice

Knee Pain

Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevation

Lead Toxicity, Diagnosis and Treatment (Adult)

Low Back Pain, Chronic

Lymphadenopathy

Lymphopenia

Menopause, Evaluation and Management

Metabolic Syndrome, Treatment

Migraine, Treatment

Nail Abnormalities

Neutropenia