Why is this procedure done?
This test is done to find if you are infected with the herpes simplex virus. Herpes simplex virus may also be called HSV or herpes. It can cause infections in different places in your body. You may have a sore on your mouth, genitals, or even signs of meningitis. This virus is easy to spread from person to person. Your doctor may order this test to: � �
- Learn more about a sore on your mouth or genitals
- Check for meningitis
- Check a pregnant woman who has herpes. Her baby may also be checked.
- Go along with other tests for STDs
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What will the results be?
- The doctor will look at the results of your test.
- If the results are normal or negative, it means you likely do not have the herpes virus. Sometimes, the doctors will say the culture has "no growth. " �
- If the results are not normal or positive, you may have an active herpes infection. You may also have had a recent herpes infection.
- The doctor will talk with you about treatment. For many viruses, your doctor will only be able to treat your signs. Antibiotics do not treat viruses. Antivirals may prevent or shorten herpes outbreaks. They may also make it less likely for you to give this disease to another person.
- If you are very ill, the doctor may start treatment before the test results are back.
What happens before the procedure?
- There are no special things to do before the test.
- Your doctor will take your history. Talk to the doctor about:
- All the drugs you are taking. Be sure to include all prescription, over the counter, and herbal supplements. Tell the doctor if you have any drug allergy. Bring a list of drugs you take with you.
- Any bleeding problems. Be sure to tell your doctor if you are taking any drugs that may cause bleeding. Some of these are: Coumadin, ibuprofen, Aleve (naproxen), or aspirin. Certain vitamins and herbs, such as garlic and fish oil, may also add to the risk for bleeding. You may need to stop these drugs as well. Talk to your doctor about them.
- If you are having a lumbar puncture, you may not be allowed to drive right away after the procedure. Ask a family member or a friend to drive you home.
What happens during the procedure?
- It will only take a few minutes to have the blood test or swab culture. Collecting spinal fluid may take longer.
- Swab culture:
- The doctor will use a swab to collect fluid and cells from a sore. The swab is placed in a bottle or tube partly filled with a special fluid.
- A second swab may be sent to the lab for more testing.
- Other herpes cultures may be done on blood or spinal fluid.
- Blood test � � � You will be awake the whole time. You will have a small amount of blood taken from you with a needle. You may have a small amount of pain. The needle will be taken out and a bandage will be put on your skin. The lab will test your blood to see if you have the herpes virus or antibodies that fight the herpes virus.
- Spinal fluid test � � � The doctor will do a lumbar puncture to collect spinal fluid. You will lie on your side with your knees pulled up to your chest. Sometimes, you will be asked to sit on an exam table and lean forward with your head on a pillow. Your doctor cleans part of your back with antiseptic. You will be given a drug to numb the area where the lumbar puncture is done. This may sting a bit. Your doctor will put a needle in your lower back. A sample of your spinal fluid will be taken out and sent to the lab for testing. Your doctor will remove the needle, clean the area, and cover it with a small bandage.
What happens after the procedure?
- Blood Test
- You may want to sit quietly for a few minutes before standing up after the blood test. This will help keep you from feeling dizzy after the test.
- Put pressure with your other hand where the needle was. This will help with bruising and bleeding.
- Spinal Fluid Test
- You may be asked to lie down on your back or stomach (not your side) for about an hour after the lumbar puncture before you go home. You may also be told to rest as much as possible for the next 24 hours.
- Ask your doctor when you will get the results.
What care is needed at home?
- Blood test or swab culture � � � You may do your everyday activities after a blood test or swab culture.
- Spinal fluid test
- Rest for at least 24 hours.
- Drink lots of fluids for the next 24 hours, especially if a dye was used.
- Talk to your doctor about how to care for your cut site. Ask your doctor about:
- When you should take off the bandage.
- When you may take a bath or shower.
- If you need to be careful with lifting things over 10 pounds.
- When you may go back to your normal activities like work or driving.
- Watch for signs of infection like redness, swelling, or clear fluid or blood coming out of the puncture site. Call your doctor right away.
What follow-up care is needed?
Your doctor may ask you to make visits to the office to check on your progress. Be sure to keep these visits. � �
What problems could happen?
- Pain
- Bruising
- Bleeding
- Feeling dizzy
- Infection
- Headache
Where can I learn more?
American Association for Clinical Chemistry � �
http://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/herpes � �
Consumer Information Use and Disclaimer
This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. This is only a brief summary of general information. It does NOT include all information about conditions, illnesses, injuries, tests, procedures, treatments, therapies, discharge instructions or life-style choices that may apply to you. You must talk with your health care provider for complete information about your health and treatment options. This information should not be used to decide whether or not to accept your health care providers advice, instructions or recommendations. Only your health care provider has the knowledge and training to provide advice that is right for you. � �
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