About this topic
The spine ends in a set of 5 fused bones. They are called the sacrum. They join the pelvis at the sacroiliac joint. This is also called the SI joint. Strong bands of tissue called ligaments hold this joint together. Normally, there is very little movement at this joint. Its job is to absorb shock and take stress off of the spine. You can have SI joint pain if this joint is irritated. ‚
What are the causes?
Sometimes, the exact cause of SI pain is unknown. It is not always known if the pain is in the joint or in the ligaments around the joint. The pain may be caused by wear and tear on the joint from arthritis. Pregnancy causes this joint to become looser. Sometimes, the pain may be caused by swelling from problems like gout or an injury. Infection or a fracture can also cause SI pain. ‚
What can make this more likely to happen?
You are more likely to have this problem if you have had an injury to your spine, pelvis, or buttocks. Someone with a history of being pregnant a few times is more likely to have problems with her SI joint. Legs that are not the same length can cause pain as well. Some infections may cause problems with the SI joint. ‚
What are the main signs?
- Pain in the lower back or buttocks. It may also be felt in the hips or pelvis. Some people feel the pain in the groin or back of the legs. This pain is often worse with activity like climbing stairs or standing for a long time.
- Stiffness
How does the doctor diagnose this health problem?
The doctor will do an exam and feel around your lower back. Your doctor will have you bend and twist at the waist to see what makes the pain worse. Your doctor may have you move and push and pull on your legs to test your motion and strength. Your doctor will check if the muscles in the back or legs are tight. Your doctor may check the feeling and reflexes in your legs. ‚
The doctor may order: ‚
- X-ray
- CT or MRI scan
- Bone scan
- Lab tests
- Diagnostic injection ¢ ˆ ’ injecting a drug into the joint to see if relief is given
How does the doctor treat this health problem?
- Rest from activities that make the problem worse
- Ice
- Heat may be used later but not right away. Heat can make swelling worse.
- Special belt worn low on the hips called an SI belt. It helps to hold the joint tightly together.
- Electrical stimulation
- Exercises
- Radiofrequency ablation ¢ ˆ ’ A treatment where small nerves around the joint are burned so they are numb. This does not always work. It may only last for a few years.
- Surgery may be needed if other treatment plans do not work.
Are there other health problems to treat?
If the problem is caused by an infection, inflammatory arthritis, or ankylosing spondylosis, these problems will need to be treated. ‚
What drugs may be needed?
The doctor may order drugs to: ‚
- Help with pain and swelling
- Fight an infection
The doctor may give you a shot to help with pain and swelling. Talk with your doctor about the risks of this shot. ‚
What problems could happen?
- Long-term back pain
- Weight gain, less muscle strength and flexibility, weaker bones
- Need for surgery
- Infection
What can be done to prevent this health problem?
- Stay active and work out to keep your muscles strong and flexible. Warm up slowly and stretch before you exercise.
- Use good posture.
- Use proper ways to lift and bend:
- Spread your feet apart so you have a good base of support. Then, bend with your knees when you pick up something from the ground.
- When lifting and moving an object, keep your back straight. Keep the object as close to your body as possible. Do not twist. Instead, move your feet to the direction you are going.
Consumer Information Use and Disclaimer
This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. This is only a brief summary of general information. It does NOT include all information about conditions, illnesses, injuries, tests, procedures, treatments, therapies, discharge instructions or life-style choices that may apply to you. You must talk with your health care provider for complete information about your health and treatment options. This information should not be used to decide whether or not to accept your health care providers advice, instructions or recommendations. Only your health care provider has the knowledge and training to provide advice that is right for you. ‚
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Copyright ‚ © 2015 Clinical Drug Information, LLC and Lexi-Comp, Inc. ‚