About this topic
A bunion is a common problem that happens in the foot. A bunion happens when your big toe points towards the other toes. It causes a hard, boney bump near the outside of your big toe. This makes the joint unstable and can lead to pain, especially when wearing shoes and when walking. There is a bursa or a small, fluid-filled sac that is in this area. It acts as a cushion between your bone and tendon. The bursa over the bump can get swollen and hurt. ‚
What can make this more likely to happen?
Anything that causes pressure and pushes the big toe towards the other toes may be a cause of this condition. Bunions are more likely to happen in women who wear high heels often. Narrow-toed shoes may also increase the chances of having bunions. You are also more likely to have this problem if other family members have bunions. People with diabetes, arthritis, or flat feet are more likely to have bunions. Ballet dancers often have problems with bunions. ‚
What are the main signs?
- Bony bump at the outside edge of the big toe
- Red, calloused skin at the edge of the big toe
- Swelling at the base of the big toe
- Pain at the big toe joint that is worse when wearing shoes
- Big toe turns towards the other toes
- Fluid-filled sac between the skin and bony bump
- Less movement of the big toe
How does the doctor diagnose this health problem?
The doctor will look at your toes and foot. Your doctor may move your toe or have you move your toe. You may need to have an x-ray of your foot. ‚
How does the doctor treat this health problem?
- Your doctor may suggest you:
- Change shoe types to one with a wide toe. The shoe should also have no heel or a very low heel.
- Wear shoes 1/2 inch longer than your longest toe.
- Wear inserts for your shoes. These are foot orthotics.
- Toe straighteners, splints, cushions, or pads
- Ice
- Exercises
- Surgery may be needed to correct a bunion.
What drugs may be needed?
The doctor may order drugs to: ‚
- Help with pain and swelling
The doctor may give you a shot of an anti-inflammatory drug called a corticosteroid. This will help with swelling. Talk with your doctor about the risks of this shot. ‚
What problems could happen?
- More deformity in the foot
- Trouble walking
- Problems with balance
- Need for surgery
- Stiffness
- Ongoing pain
What can be done to prevent this health problem?
- Wear comfortable, supportive shoes. Avoid wearing high heels and tight shoes.
- Avoid activities that cause foot pain, such as standing for long periods of time.
- Keep a healthy weight. Being overweight may put extra stress on your feet.
Helpful tips
Seek treatment early when the first signs of a bunion show up. Earlier treatment leads to better outcomes. ‚
Where can I learn more?
American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons ‚
http://www.foothealthfacts.org/footankleinfo/bunions.htm ‚
NHS Choices ‚
http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Bunion/Pages/Introduction.aspx ‚
Consumer Information Use and Disclaimer
This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. This is only a brief summary of general information. It does NOT include all information about conditions, illnesses, injuries, tests, procedures, treatments, therapies, discharge instructions or life-style choices that may apply to you. You must talk with your health care provider for complete information about your health and treatment options. This information should not be used to decide whether or not to accept your health care providers advice, instructions or recommendations. Only your health care provider has the knowledge and training to provide advice that is right for you. ‚
Copyright
Copyright ‚ © 2015 Clinical Drug Information, LLC and Lexi-Comp, Inc. ‚