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C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Serum


Definition


  • CRP is a cytokine-induced, acute-phase protein and is useful in the detection and evaluation of infection, tissue injury, and inflammatory disorders. Plasma levels begin increasing within 4 " “6 hours after initial tissue injury and continue to increase several hundred-folds within 24 " “48 hours. CRP remains elevated during the acute-phase response and returns to normal with restoration of tissue structure and function. The rise in CRP is exponential, doubling every 8 " “9 hours. The half-life is <24 hours.
  • Normal range: Less than 10 mg/L.

Use


  • For evaluation of infection, tissue injury, and inflammatory disorders
  • Provides information for the diagnosis, therapy, and monitoring of inflammatory disorders
  • Independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, cardiac vascular events, hypertension, and MI

Interpretation


Increased In


  • Acute inflammation
  • Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus
  • Cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis
  • Oral contraceptives
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Giant cell arteritis
  • Osteomyelitis
  • Cancer of the lymph nodes
  • Pregnancy

Decreased In


  • Patients treated with carboxypenicillins
  • Liver failure

Limitations


  • Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) values are nonspecific and should not be interpreted without a complete clinical history.
  • Heterophile antibodies may falsely increase levels.
  • Elevated levels of CRP are influenced by genetics, age, a sedentary lifestyle, stress, exposure to environmental toxins, and diet that specifically contains refined, processed, and manufactured foods.
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