(ri LON a sept)
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes: For the treatment of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, including familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome and Muckle-Wells syndrome in adults and children 12 years and older.
There are no contraindications listed in the manufacturer 's labeling.
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes: SubQ:
Initial: 320 mg given as 2 separate injections (160 mg [2 mL] per injection) on the same day at 2 different sites
Maintenance: 160 mg once weekly. Note: Begin maintenance dose 1 week following loading dose; do not administer more frequently than once weekly.
Refer to adult dosing.
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes: SubQ:
Children ≥12 years and Adolescents <18 years:
Initial: 4.4 mg/kg (maximum loading dose: 320 mg) given as 1 to 2 separate injections (maximum single injection: 160 mg [2 mL]); if multiple injections are necessary, administer on the same day at 2 different sites
Maintenance: 2.2 mg/kg (maximum dose: 160 mg) once weekly. Note: Begin maintenance dose 1 week following loading dose; do not administer more frequently than once weekly.
Adolescents ≥18 years: Refer to adult dosing.
There are no dosage adjustments provided in manufacturer 's labeling (has not been studied).
There are no dosage adjustments provided in manufacturer 's labeling (has not been studied).
Reconstitute rilonacept 220 mg powder for injection with 2.3 mL of preservative free SWFI; quickly shake the vial back and forth for 1 minute, then allow solution to sit for 1 minute. If the powder is not completely dissolved, shake the vial for an additional 30 seconds, then allow solution to sit for 1 minute; repeat if necessary until powder is completely dissolved. Each reconstituted vial allows for withdrawal of 2 mL (160 mg) for SubQ administration.
SubQ: Rotate injection sites (thigh, abdomen, upper arm); injections should never be made at sites that are bruised, red, tender, or hard. If 2 injections are necessary to complete the loading dose, administer at different injection sites on the same day. Discard any unused portion.
Store intact vials in refrigerator at 2 ‚ °C to 8 ‚ °C (36 ‚ °F to 46 ‚ °F). Store in original carton; protect from light; do not freeze. Do not shake. After reconstitution, may be stored at controlled room temperature. Protect from light. Use within 3 hours of reconstitution.
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Solution Reconstituted, Subcutaneous [preservative free]:
Arcalyst: 220 mg (1 ea) [contains polyethylene glycol]
Anti-TNF Agents: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Rilonacept. Avoid combination
BCG (Intravesical): Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of BCG (Intravesical). Avoid combination
Canakinumab: Interleukin-1 Inhibitors may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Canakinumab. Whether such a combination will also alter the therapeutic response to one or both agents is unclear. Avoid combination
Coccidioides immitis Skin Test: Immunosuppressants may diminish the diagnostic effect of Coccidioides immitis Skin Test. Monitor therapy
Denosumab: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Immunosuppressants. Specifically, the risk for serious infections may be increased. Monitor therapy
Echinacea: May diminish the therapeutic effect of Immunosuppressants. Consider therapy modification
Fingolimod: Immunosuppressants may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Fingolimod. Management: Avoid the concomitant use of fingolimod and other immunosuppressants when possible. If combined, monitor patients closely for additive immunosuppressant effects (eg, infections). Consider therapy modification
Leflunomide: Immunosuppressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Leflunomide. Specifically, the risk for hematologic toxicity such as pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, and/or thrombocytopenia may be increased. Management: Consider not using a leflunomide loading dose in patients receiving other immunosuppressants. Patients receiving both leflunomide and another immunosuppressant should be monitored for bone marrow suppression at least monthly. Consider therapy modification
Natalizumab: Immunosuppressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Natalizumab. Specifically, the risk of concurrent infection may be increased. Avoid combination
Nivolumab: Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Nivolumab. Consider therapy modification
Pimecrolimus: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
Roflumilast: May enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Immunosuppressants. Consider therapy modification
Sipuleucel-T: Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Sipuleucel-T. Monitor therapy
Tacrolimus (Topical): May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
Tofacitinib: Immunosuppressants may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Tofacitinib. Management: Concurrent use with antirheumatic doses of methotrexate or nonbiologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is permitted, and this warning seems particularly focused on more potent immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
Trastuzumab: May enhance the neutropenic effect of Immunosuppressants. Monitor therapy
Vaccines (Inactivated): Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Vaccines (Inactivated). Management: Vaccine efficacy may be reduced. Complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to starting an immunosuppressant. If vaccinated during immunosuppressant therapy, revaccinate at least 3 months after immunosuppressant discontinuation. Consider therapy modification
Vaccines (Live): Immunosuppressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Vaccines (Live). Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Vaccines (Live). Management: Avoid use of live organism vaccines with immunosuppressants; live-attenuated vaccines should not be given for at least 3 months after immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
CBC with differential, lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A; signs of infection
>10%:
Immunologic: Antibody development (35%)
Infection: Increased susceptibility to infection (34% to 48%; incidence higher during winter months)
Local: Injection site reaction (48%; majority mild-moderate; typically lasting 1-2 days; characterized by bleeding, bruising, erythema, induration, inflammation, itching, pain, swelling, urticaria; other local reactions include dermatitis, vesicles)
Respiratory: Upper respiratory tract infection (26%)
1% to 10%:
Central nervous system: Hypoesthesia (9%)
Respiratory: Cough (9%), sinusitis (9%)
<1%, postmarketing, and/or case reports: Bacterial meningitis (Streptococcus pneumoniae), bronchitis, colitis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hypercholesterolemia, hypersensitivity reaction, increased HDL cholesterol, increased LDL cholesterol, increased serum triglycerides, mycobacterium infection (Mycobacterium intracellulare), neutropenia (transient)
Concerns related to adverse effects:
- Anaphylaxis/hypersensitivity reactions: May cause rare hypersensitivity reactions; discontinue use and initiate appropriate therapy if reaction occurs.
- Infections: Caution should be exercised when considering use in patients with a history of new/recurrent infections, with conditions that predispose them to infections, or with latent or localized infections. Patients who develop a new infection while undergoing treatment should be monitored closely. If a patient develops a serious infection, therapy should be discontinued. Therapy should not be initiated in patients with active or chronic infections. May increase risk of reactivation of latent tuberculosis; follow current guidelines for evaluation and treatment of latent tuberculosis prior to initiating rilonacept therapy.
- Malignancy: Use may impair defenses against malignancies; impact on the development and course of malignancies is not fully defined.
Disease-related concerns:
- Hyperlipidemia: Use may increase total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides. Periodic assessment of lipid profile should occur. Initiation of lipid-lowering therapy may be necessary.
Concurrent drug therapy issues:
- Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-blocking agents: Should not be used in combination with TNF-antagonists. There is an increased risk of serious infection.
Other warnings/precautions:
- Immunizations: Patients should be brought up to date with all immunizations including pneumococcal and influenza vaccines before initiating therapy. Live vaccines should not be given concurrently; there is no data available concerning secondary transmission of live vaccines in patients receiving therapy. Administration of inactivated (killed) vaccines while on therapy may not be effective.
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Adverse events have been observed in animal reproduction studies.
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) refers to rare genetic syndromes caused by mutations in the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine rich family (NLR), pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP-3) gene or the cold-induced autoinflammatory syndrome-1 (CIAS1) gene. Cryopyrin, a protein encoded by this gene, regulates interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 Ž ²) activation. Deficiency of cryopyrin results in excessive inflammation. Rilonacept reduces inflammation by binding to IL-1 Ž ² (some binding of IL-1α and IL-1 receptor antagonist) and preventing interaction with cell surface receptors.
Steady state reached by 6 weeks
8.6 days (Miyamae 2012)
- Discuss specific use of drug and side effects with patient as it relates to treatment. (HCAHPS: During this hospital stay, were you given any medicine that you had not taken before? Before giving you any new medicine, how often did hospital staff tell you what the medicine was for? How often did hospital staff describe possible side effects in a way you could understand?)
- Patient may experience injection site pain, cough, rhinorrhea, rhinitis, or pharyngitis. Have patient report immediately to prescriber signs of infection; severe skin irritation; vomiting blood; black, tarry, or bloody stools; abdominal pain; skin growths; or injection site irritation; or edema (HCAHPS).
- Educate patient about signs of a significant reaction (eg, wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat). Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Patient should consult prescriber for additional questions.
Intended Use and Disclaimer: Should not be printed and given to patients. This information is intended to serve as a concise initial reference for health care professionals to use when discussing medications with a patient. You must ultimately rely on your own discretion, experience, and judgment in diagnosing, treating, and advising patients.