(RAY beez i MYUN GLOB yoo lin, HYU man)
Rabies exposure: Part of postexposure prophylaxis of persons with suspected rabies exposure. Provides passive immunity until active immunity with rabies vaccine is established. Not for use in persons with a history of vaccination (preexposure or postexposure prophylaxis) and documentation of antibody response. Each exposure to possible rabies infection should be individually evaluated.
Factors to consider include: species of biting animal, circumstances of biting incident (provoked vs unprovoked bite), type of exposure to rabies infection (bite vs nonbite), vaccination status of biting animal, presence of rabies in the region. See product information for additional details.
Imogam Rabies-HT: Should not be administered in repeated doses once vaccine treatment has been initiated.
HyperRAB SD: There are no contraindications listed in the manufacturers labeling.
Documentation of allergenic cross-reactivity for immune globulins is limited. However, because of similarities in chemical structure and/or pharmacologic actions, the possibility of cross-sensitivity cannot be ruled out with certainty.
Postexposure prophylaxis: Local wound infiltration/IM: 20 units/kg in a single dose, RIG should always be administered as part of rabies vaccine regimen. If anatomically feasible, the full rabies immune globulin dose should be infiltrated around and into the wound(s); remaining volume should be administered IM at a site distant from the vaccine administration site. If rabies vaccine was initiated without rabies immune globulin, rabies immune globulin may be administered through the seventh day after the administration of the first dose of the vaccine (day 0). Administration of RIG is not recommended after the seventh day post vaccine since an antibody response to the vaccine is expected during this time period.
Note: Not recommended for use in persons with a history of rabies vaccination (preexposure or postexposure prophylaxis) and documentation of antibody response.
Refer to adult dosing.
Refer to adult dosing.
There are no dosage adjustments provided in manufacturer 's labeling.
There are no dosage adjustments provided in manufacturer 's labeling.
Do not administer IV
Postexposure wound infiltration: If anatomically feasible, the full rabies immune globulin dose should be infiltrated around and into the wound(s); remaining volume should be administered IM in the deltoid muscle of the upper arm or lateral thigh muscle. Per the manufacturer, the gluteal area should be avoided to reduce the risk of sciatic nerve damage (HyperRAB S/D). Do not administer rabies vaccine in the same syringe or at the same administration site as RIG. If the wound is small or on a finger, then a small dose (eg, 0.5 mL or more) may be injected around the wound. For extensive wounds, do not exceed the calculated dose. If the calculated dose is inadequate to infiltrate all wounds, then dilute RIG with normal saline (CDC 2014).
Store between 2 ‚ °C to 8 ‚ °C (36 ‚ °F to 46 ‚ °F); do not freeze. Discard unused portion immediately and any product exposed to freezing. The following stability information has also been reported for HyperRAB S/D: May be exposed to room temperature for a cumulative 7 days (Cohen, 2007).
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Injectable, Intramuscular:
Imogam Rabies-HT: 150 units/mL (2 mL, 10 mL)
Injectable, Intramuscular [preservative free]:
HyperRAB S/D: 150 units/mL (2 mL, 10 mL)
Do not mix with rabies vaccine in the same syringe.
Vaccines (Live): Immune Globulins may diminish the therapeutic effect of Vaccines (Live). Management: Consult full interaction monograph for dose interval recommendations. This interaction does not apply to oral Ty21a typhoid vaccine or others listed as exceptions. Exceptions: Influenza Virus Vaccine (Live/Attenuated); Rotavirus Vaccine; Yellow Fever Vaccine; Zoster Vaccine. Consider therapy modification
Frequency not defined.
Central nervous system: Fever (mild), headache, malaise
Dermatologic: Angioneurotic edema, rash
Local: Injection site: Pain, stiffness, soreness, tenderness
Renal: Nephrotic syndrome
Miscellaneous: Anaphylaxis
Concerns related to adverse effects:
- Anaphylaxis/hypersensitivity reactions: Hypersensitivity and anaphylactic reactions can occur; immediate treatment (including epinephrine 1 mg/mL) should be available. Use with caution in patients with isolated immunoglobulin A deficiency or a history of systemic hypersensitivity to human immunoglobulins.
Disease-related concerns:
- Bleeding disorders: Use with caution in patients with a history of bleeding disorders (including thrombocytopenia) and/or patients on anticoagulant therapy; bleeding/hematoma may occur from IM administration.
Dosage form specific issues:
- Human plasma: Product of human plasma; may potentially contain infectious agents which could transmit disease. Screening of donors, as well as testing and/or inactivation or removal of certain viruses, reduces the risk. Infections thought to be transmitted by this product should be reported to the manufacturer.
Other warnings/precautions:
- Administration: Not for intravenous administration.
- Administration: Administration is a medical urgency (not emergency); however, do not delay decision to treat.
- Appropriate use: A single dose is recommended; repeating the dose may interfere with maximum active immunity expected from the vaccine. Repeated doses of Imogam Rabies-HT after vaccine treatment has been initiated are contraindicated.
- Immunizations: Live vaccines (eg, measles vaccine) should be given ≥3 months after rabies immune globulin; antibodies may interfere with the immune response to the live vaccine.
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Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted. Pregnancy is not a contraindication to postexposure prophylaxis. Pre-exposure prophylaxis may be indicated during pregnancy if the risk for exposure to rabies is significant.
Rabies immune globulin is a solution of globulins dried from the plasma or serum of selected adult human donors who have been immunized with rabies vaccine and have developed high titers of rabies antibody. It generally contains 10% to 18% of protein of which not less than 80% is monomeric immunoglobulin G.
- Discuss specific use of drug and side effects with patient as it relates to treatment. (HCAHPS: During this hospital stay, were you given any medicine that you had not taken before? Before giving you any new medicine, how often did hospital staff tell you what the medicine was for? How often did hospital staff describe possible side effects in a way you could understand?)
- Patient may experience headache or short-term pain (HCAHPS).
- Educate patient about signs of a significant reaction (eg, wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat). Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Patient should consult prescriber for additional questions.
Intended Use and Disclaimer: Should not be printed and given to patients. This information is intended to serve as a concise initial reference for healthcare professionals to use when discussing medications with a patient. You must ultimately rely on your own discretion, experience and judgment in diagnosing, treating and advising patients.