(le DIP as vir & soe FOS bue vir)
Hepatitis C virus infection: Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1, 4, 5, or 6 infection, with or without ribavirin.
If ledipasvir/sofosbuvir is administered with ribavirin, the contraindications to ribavirin also apply. See ribavirin manufacturers information.
Canadian labeling: Additional contraindications (not in US labeling): Hypersensitivity to any component of the formulation.
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection in monoinfected (HCV) or coinfected (HCV/HIV-1) genotype 1 patients: Oral: Treatment regimen and duration based on clinical scenario as noted below; fixed-dose tablet is ledipasvir 90 mg and sofosbuvir 400 mg:
Treatment-naive patients without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class A) or treatment-experienced patients without cirrhosis: One tablet once daily for 12 weeks.
Treatment-experienced patients with compensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class A):
Used without concomitant ribavirin: One tablet once daily for 24 weeks.
Used with concomitant ribavirin in eligible patients: One tablet once daily with concomitant ribavirin for 12 weeks.
Treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with decompensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class B or C): One tablet once daily with concomitant ribavirin for 12 weeks.
Note: Treatment-naive patients without cirrhosis who have HCV RNA <6 million units/mL may be considered for therapy of 8 weeks duration. Treatment-experienced patients are defined as those in whom treatment has failed with a peginterferon alfa plus ribavirin based regimen with or without an HCV protease inhibitor.
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection in monoinfected (HCV) or coinfected (HCV/HIV-1) genotype 1 or 4 patients: Oral: Treatment regimen and duration based on clinical scenario as noted below; fixed-dose tablet is ledipasvir 90 mg and sofosbuvir 400 mg:
Treatment-naive and treatment-experienced liver transplant recipients without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class A): One tablet once daily with concomitant ribavirin for 12 weeks.
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection in monoinfected (HCV) or coinfected (HCV/HIV-1) genotype 4, 5 or 6 patients: Oral: Treatment regimen and duration based on clinical scenario as noted below; fixed-dose tablet is ledipasvir 90 mg and sofosbuvir 400 mg:
Treatment-naive patients and treatment-experienced without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class A): One tablet once daily for 12 weeks.
Note: Treatment-experienced patients are defined as those in whom treatment has failed with a peginterferon alfa plus ribavirin based regimen with or without an HCV protease inhibitor.
Refer to adult dosing.
eGFR ≥30 mL/minute/1.73 m2: No dosage adjustment necessary.
eGFR <30 mL/minute/1.73 m2: There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturers labeling. However, sofosbuvir and metabolite accumulate in patients with severely impaired renal function.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) , including those requiring intermittent hemodialysis (IHD): There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer's labeling However, sofosbuvir and metabolite accumulate in patients with severely impaired renal function. In a 4-hour dialysis session, 18% of sofosbuvir dose was removed.
Child-Pugh class A, B, or C: No dosage adjustment necessary.
Oral: Administer with or without food.
Store below 30 ‚ °C (86 ‚ °F). Dispense in original container.
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Tablet, Oral:
Harvoni: Ledipasvir 90 mg and sofosbuvir 400 mg [contains fd&c yellow #6 aluminum lake]
Afatinib: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Afatinib. Management: Per US labeling: reduce afatinib by 10mg if not tolerated. Per Canadian labeling: avoid combination if possible; if used, administer the P-gp inhibitor simultaneously with or after the dose of afatinib. Consider therapy modification
Amiodarone: Sofosbuvir may enhance the bradycardic effect of Amiodarone. Avoid combination
Antacids: May decrease the serum concentration of Ledipasvir. Management: Separate the administration of ledipasvir and antacids by 4 hours. Consider therapy modification
Bosutinib: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Bosutinib. Avoid combination
Brentuximab Vedotin: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Brentuximab Vedotin. Specifically, concentrations of the active monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) component may be increased. Monitor therapy
Colchicine: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Colchicine. Colchicine distribution into certain tissues (e.g., brain) may also be increased. Management: Colchicine is contraindicated in patients with impaired renal or hepatic function who are also receiving a p-glycoprotein inhibitor. In those with normal renal and hepatic function, reduce colchicine dose as directed. Consider therapy modification
Dabigatran Etexilate: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase serum concentrations of the active metabolite(s) of Dabigatran Etexilate. Management: Dabigatran dose reductions may be needed. Specific recommendations vary considerably according to US vs Canadian labeling, specific P-gp inhibitor, renal function, and indication for dabigatran treatment. Refer to full monograph or dabigatran labeling. Consider therapy modification
DOXOrubicin (Conventional): P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of DOXOrubicin (Conventional). Management: Seek alternatives to P-glycoprotein inhibitors in patients treated with doxorubicin whenever possible. One U.S. manufacturer (Pfizer Inc.) recommends that these combinations be avoided. Consider therapy modification
Edoxaban: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Edoxaban. Management: See full monograph for details. Reduced doses are recommended for patients receiving edoxaban for venous thromboembolism in combination with certain inhibitors. Similar dose adjustment is not recommended for edoxaban use in atrial fibrillation. Consider therapy modification
Everolimus: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Everolimus. Management: Everolimus dose reductions are required for patients being treated for subependymal giant cell astrocytoma or renal cell carcinoma. See prescribing information for specific dose adjustment and monitoring recommendations. Consider therapy modification
H2-Antagonists: May decrease the serum concentration of Ledipasvir. Consider therapy modification
Lumacaftor: May decrease the serum concentration of P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Substrates. Lumacaftor may increase the serum concentration of P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Substrates. Monitor therapy
Modafinil: May decrease the serum concentration of Sofosbuvir. Avoid combination
Naloxegol: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Naloxegol. Monitor therapy
OXcarbazepine: May decrease the serum concentration of Sofosbuvir. Avoid combination
OXcarbazepine: May decrease the serum concentration of Ledipasvir. Avoid combination
PAZOPanib: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of PAZOPanib. Avoid combination
P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inducers: May decrease the serum concentration of Sofosbuvir. Avoid combination
P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inducers: May decrease the serum concentration of Ledipasvir. Avoid combination
P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors: May increase the serum concentration of P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Substrates. P-glycoprotein inhibitors may also enhance the distribution of p-glycoprotein substrates to specific cells/tissues/organs where p-glycoprotein is present in large amounts (e.g., brain, T-lymphocytes, testes, etc.). Monitor therapy
P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Substrates: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Substrates. P-glycoprotein inhibitors may also enhance the distribution of p-glycoprotein substrates to specific cells/tissues/organs where p-glycoprotein is present in large amounts (e.g., brain, T-lymphocytes, testes, etc.). Monitor therapy
Proton Pump Inhibitors: May decrease the serum concentration of Ledipasvir. Management: Avoid the use of PPIs at doses greater than the equivalent of omeprazole 20 mg, avoid administration of PPIs within 2 hours prior to ledipasvir dosing, and avoid use of PPIs in combination with food. Consider therapy modification
Prucalopride: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Prucalopride. Monitor therapy
Ranolazine: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Ranolazine. Monitor therapy
Ranolazine: May increase the serum concentration of P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Substrates. Monitor therapy
Rifabutin: May decrease the serum concentration of Sofosbuvir. Avoid combination
Rifabutin: May decrease the serum concentration of Ledipasvir. Avoid combination
Rifapentine: May decrease the serum concentration of Sofosbuvir. Avoid combination
Rifapentine: May decrease the serum concentration of Ledipasvir. Avoid combination
RifAXIMin: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of RifAXIMin. Monitor therapy
Rosuvastatin: Ledipasvir may increase the serum concentration of Rosuvastatin. Avoid combination
Silodosin: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Silodosin. Avoid combination
Simeprevir: May increase the serum concentration of Ledipasvir. Ledipasvir may increase the serum concentration of Simeprevir. Avoid combination
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: Ledipasvir may increase the serum concentration of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate. Management: Avoidance of this combination is recommended under some circumstances. Refer to full monograph for details. Consider therapy modification
Topotecan: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Topotecan. Avoid combination
Venetoclax: P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Venetoclax. Management: Reduce the venetoclax dose by at least 50% in patients requiring these combinations. Consider therapy modification
VinCRIStine (Liposomal): P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of VinCRIStine (Liposomal). Avoid combination
Bilirubin, liver enzymes, and serum creatinine at baseline and periodically when clinically indicated. If used in combination with amiodarone (or in patients who discontinued amiodarone just prior to initiating ledipasvir/sofosbuvir), inpatient cardiac monitoring for the first 48 hours of coadministration, then outpatient or self-monitoring of heart rate daily through at least the first 2 weeks of treatment.
Serum HCV-RNA at baseline, during treatment, at the end of treatment, during treatment follow-up, and when clinically indicated.
>10%:
Central nervous system: Headache (11% to 29%), fatigue (10% to 18%)
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Weakness (18% to 31%)
1% to 10%:
Central nervous system: Irritability (8%), insomnia (3% to 6%), dizziness (5%), depression (<5%; including in subjects with preexisting history of psychiatric illness)
Gastrointestinal: Nausea (6% to 9%), increased serum lipase (>3 x ULN: ≤9%), diarrhea (3% to 7%)
Hepatic: Hyperbilirubinemia (>1.5 x ULN: ≤3%)
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Myalgia (9%), increased creatine phosphokinase (1%)
Respiratory: Cough (5%), dyspnea (3%)
<1% (Limited to important or life-threatening): Skin rash (with blisters or angioedema-like swelling)
Ledipasvir: No clinically relevant differences in ledipasvir pharmacokinetics were observed between healthy subjects and subjects with severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/minute).
Sofosbuvir: Following a single 400 mg dose of sofosbuvir in HCV negative subjects with mild (eGFR ≥50 and <80 mL/minute/1.73 m2), moderate (eGFR ≥30 and <50 mL/minute/1.73 m2), severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/minute/1.73 m2), and subjects with ESRD requiring hemodialysis the sofosbuvir AUC0-inf was 61%, 107%, and 171% higher in mild, moderate, and severe renal impairment than in subjects with normal renal function.
Concurrent drug therapy issues:
- Amiodarone: Symptomatic bradycardia (some requiring pacemaker intervention) and fatal cardiac arrest has occurred in patients receiving amiodarone and ledipasvir/sofosbuvir. Bradycardia generally occurred within hours to days following coadministration, however some cases have occurred 2 weeks following the initiation of HCV treatment. The risk of bradycardia may be increased in patients taking beta blockers or patients with underlying cardiac comorbidities and/or advanced liver disease. Bradycardia generally resolves following discontinuation of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir. Coadministration of amiodarone and ledipasvir/sofosbuvir is not recommended. However, if patients have no treatment alternatives, patients should have inpatient cardiac monitoring for the first 48 hours, followed by daily outpatient or self-monitoring of heart rate for at least the first 2 weeks of treatment. Due to the long half-life of amiodarone, cardiac monitoring (as described) is also recommended if amiodarone was discontinued just prior to beginning treatment with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir. Patients should seek medical attention immediately if they experience fainting or near-fainting, dizziness, lightheadedness, malaise, weakness, excessive tiredness, shortness of breath, chest pains, confusion or memory problems.
- Concurrent therapy: Avoid concurrent use with other sofosbuvir-containing products.
- Drug-drug interactions: Potentially significant interactions may exist, requiring dose or frequency adjustment, additional monitoring, and/or selection of alternative therapy. Consult drug interactions database for more detailed information.
Dosage forms specific issues:
- Lactose: Tablet may contain lactose; consider lactose content prior to initiating therapy in patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance.
Other warnings/precautions:
- Experienced physician: Therapy should be initiated by a physician experienced in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.
Adverse events were not observed in animal reproduction studies using the components of this combination.
Ledipasvir inhibits the HCV NS5A protein necessary for viral replication; sofosbuvir is a prodrug converted to its pharmacologically active form (GS-461203), inhibits NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, also essential for viral replication, and acts as a chain terminator.
Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir are well absorbed
Ledipasvir: Slow oxidative metabolism via an unknown mechanism; Sofosbuvir: Hepatic; forms pharmacologically active nucleoside (uridine) analog triphosphate GS-461203; Dephosphorylation results in the formation of nucleoside inactive metabolite GS-331007
Ledipasvir: Feces (~86%), urine (1%); Sofosbuvir: Urine (80%), feces (14%)
Ledipasvir: 4 to 4.5 hours; Sofosbuvir: ~0.8 to 1 hour
Ledipasvir: 47 hours; Sofosbuvir: ~0.5 hours
Ledipasvir: >99.8%; Sofosbuvir: 61% to 65%
- Discuss specific use of drug and side effects with patient as it relates to treatment. (HCAHPS: During this hospital stay, were you given any medicine that you had not taken before? Before giving you any new medicine, how often did hospital staff tell you what the medicine was for? How often did hospital staff describe possible side effects in a way you could understand?)
- Patient may experience loss of strength and energy, headache, nausea, diarrhea, insomnia, cough, muscle pain, irritability, or dizziness (HCAHPS).
- Educate patient about signs of a significant reaction (eg, wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat). Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Patient should consult prescriber for additional questions.
Intended Use and Disclaimer: Should not be printed and given to patients. This information is intended to serve as a concise initial reference for health care professionals to use when discussing medications with a patient. You must ultimately rely on your own discretion, experience, and judgment in diagnosing, treating, and advising patients.