(ELB as vir & graz OH pre vir)
Chronic hepatitis C:
US labeling: Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 1 or 4 infection in adults (with or without concomitant medications).
Canadian labeling: Treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotypes 1, 3, or 4 infection in adults; used with or without concomitant medications as follows:
Without ribavirin: Genotype 1 or 4 treatment-naive and peginterferon alfa + ribavirin treatment-experienced relapsers; genotype 1 protease inhibitor + peginterferon + ribavirin treatment experienced relapsers; genotype 1b treatment-naive, noncirrhotic patients; genotype 1b peginterferon alfa + ribavirin or protease inhibitor + peginterferon alfa + ribavirin treatment-experienced on-treatment virologic failures
With ribavirin: Genotype 1a peginterferon alfa + ribavirin or protease inhibitor + peginterferon alfa + ribavirin treatment-experienced on-treatment virologic failures; genotype 4 peginterferon alfa + ribavirin treatment experienced on-treatment virologic failures
With sofosbuvir: Genotype 3 treatment-naive
Hypersensitivity to elbasvir, grazoprevir, or any component of the formulation; moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class B or C); concurrent use with organic anion transporting polypeptides 1B1/3 (OATP1B1/3) inhibitors and strong inducers of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A). Concurrent use of drugs that are contraindicated include, but are not necessarily limited to: Atazanavir, carbamazepine, cyclosporine, darunavir, efavirenz, lopinavir, phenytoin, rifampin, saquinavir, St Johns wort, tipranavir. If used with ribavirin, contraindications of ribavirin also apply. See ribavirin prescribing information.
Canadian labeling (not in US labeling): If used with sofosbuvir, contraindications of sofosbuvir also apply. See sofosbuvir prescribing information.
Chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC) with or without cirrhosis (monoinfection or coinfection with HIV-1): Oral: One tablet (elbasvir 50 mg/grazoprevir 100 mg) once daily. Note: Tablet contains a fixed-dose combination of elbasvir and grazoprevir; dosage adjustments are not possible.
US labeling:
Genotype 1a:
Treatment naive or peginterferon alfa + ribavirin treatment-experienced without baseline NS5A polymorphisms: One tablet once daily for 12 weeks
Treatment naive or peginterferon alfa + ribavirin treatment-experienced with baseline NS5A polymorphisms: One tablet once daily with concomitant ribavirin for 16 weeks
Peginterferon alfa + ribavirin + NS3/4A protease inhibitor treatment-experienced: One tablet once daily with concomitant ribavirin for 12 weeks. Note: Optimal duration of treatment in patients with one or more baseline NS5A resistance-associated polymorphisms at positions 28, 30, 31 and 93 has not been established.
Genotype 1b:
Treatment naive or peginterferon alfa + ribavirin treatment-experienced: One tablet once daily for 12 weeks
Peginterferon alfa + ribavirin + NS3/4A protease inhibitor treatment-experienced: One tablet once daily with concomitant ribavirin for 12 weeks
Genotype 4:
Treatment naive: One tablet once daily for 12 weeks
Peginterferon alfa + ribavirin treatment-experienced: One tablet once daily with concomitant ribavirin for 16 weeks
Canadian labeling:Note: On-treatment virologic failures include patients who have had null or partial response, virologic breakthrough or rebound, or intolerance to previous treatment.
Genotype 1:
Treatment naive or peginterferon alfa + ribavirin relapser: One tablet once daily for 12 weeks
Peginterferon alfa + ribavirin + NS3/4A protease inhibitor treatment-experienced relapsers: One tablet once daily for 12 weeks
Note: May consider 8 weeks in treatment-naive patients with genotype 1b or other known genotype 1 subtypes (other than 1a or 1b) without significant fibrosis or cirrhosis as determined by liver biopsy (ie, Metavir F0 to F2) or noninvasive testing
Genotype 1a: Peginterferon alfa + ribavirin with or without protease inhibitors on-treatment virologic failures: One tablet once daily with concomitant ribavirin for 16 weeks
Genotype1b or other known genotype 1 subtypes (other than 1a or 1b): Peginterferon alfa + ribavirin with or without protease inhibitors on-treatment virologic failures: One tablet once daily for 12 weeks
Genotype 3: Treatment naive: One tablet once daily with concomitant sofosbuvir for 12 weeks
Genotype 4:
Treatment naive or peginterferon alfa + ribavirin relapsers: One tablet once daily for 12 weeks
Peginterferon alfa + ribavirin on-treatment virologic failures: One tablet once daily with concomitant ribavirin for 16 weeks
Missed doses: If ≤16 hours of usual dosing time, take missed dose as soon as possible, then resume usual dosing schedule; if >16 hours, skip missed dose and resume therapy with next scheduled dose. Do not double dose.
Refer to adult dosing.
US labeling:
CrCl >50 mL/minute: No dosage adjustment necessary.
CrCl ≤50 mL/minute: No dosage adjustment necessary. If used with concomitant ribavirin, refer to ribavirin monograph for dosage adjustments.
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) and hemodialysis (not removed by hemodialysis): No dosage adjustment necessary.
Canadian labeling:
eGFR ≥30 mL/minute/1.73 m2: No dosage adjustment necessary.
eGFR <30 mL/minute/1.73 m2:
Genotype 1: No dosage adjustment necessary. May consider therapy duration of 12 weeks in treatment-experienced genotype 1a patients with prior on-treatment virologic failure; administer without ribavirin.
Genotype 3 or 4: There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer 's labeling (has not been studied).
ESRD and hemodialysis (not removed by hemodialysis):
Genotype 1: No dosage adjustment necessary. May consider therapy duration of 12 weeks in treatment-experienced genotype 1a patients with prior on-treatment virologic failure; administer without ribavirin.
Genotype 3 or 4: There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer 's labeling (has not been studied).
Peritoneal dialysis: There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer 's labeling; not expected to be removed by peritoneal dialysis due to extensive protein binding.
Mild impairment (Child-Pugh class A): No dosage adjustment necessary.
Moderate or severe impairment (Child-Pugh class B or C): Use is contraindicated.
Oral: Administer without regard to meals.
Store at 20 ‚ °C to 25 ‚ °C (68 ‚ °F to 77 ‚ °F); excursions permitted between 15 ‚ °C to 30 ‚ °C (59 ‚ °F to 86 ‚ °F). Keep in original blister pack until time of use; protect from moisture.
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Tablet, Oral:
Zepatier: Elbasvir 50 mg and grazoprevir 100 mg
Aprepitant: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
ARIPiprazole: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase the serum concentration of ARIPiprazole. Management: Monitor for increased aripiprazole pharmacologic effects. Aripiprazole dose adjustments may or may not be required based on concomitant therapy and/or indication. Consult full interaction monograph for specific recommendations. Monitor therapy
Atazanavir: May increase the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
AtorvaSTATin: Grazoprevir may increase the serum concentration of AtorvaSTATin. Management: Limit the dose of atorvastatin to a maximum of 20 mg/day when used together with elbasvir and grazoprevir. Monitor closely for evidence of statin-related toxicities such as myalgia or myopathy. Consider therapy modification
AtorvaSTATin: Elbasvir may increase the serum concentration of AtorvaSTATin. Management: Limit the dose of atorvastatin to a maximum of 20 mg/day when used together with elbasvir and grazoprevir. Monitor closely for evidence of statin-related toxicities such as myalgia or myopathy. Consider therapy modification
Cobicistat: May increase the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
Cobicistat: May increase the serum concentration of Elbasvir. Avoid combination
Conivaptan: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Avoid combination
CycloSPORINE (Systemic): May increase the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
CYP3A4 Inducers (Moderate): May decrease the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
CYP3A4 Inducers (Moderate): May decrease the serum concentration of Elbasvir. Avoid combination
CYP3A4 Inducers (Strong): May decrease the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Moderate): May decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Strong): May decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 Substrates. Consider therapy modification
Darunavir: May increase the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
Dasatinib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
Deferasirox: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
Dofetilide: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase the serum concentration of Dofetilide. Monitor therapy
Efavirenz: May decrease the serum concentration of Elbasvir. Avoid combination
Flibanserin: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase the serum concentration of Flibanserin. Monitor therapy
Fluvastatin: Elbasvir may increase the serum concentration of Fluvastatin. Monitor therapy
Fluvastatin: Grazoprevir may increase the serum concentration of Fluvastatin. Monitor therapy
Fosaprepitant: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
Fusidic Acid (Systemic): May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Avoid combination
HYDROcodone: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase the serum concentration of HYDROcodone. Monitor therapy
Idelalisib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Avoid combination
Ivacaftor: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
Ketoconazole (Systemic): May increase the serum concentration of Elbasvir. Avoid combination
Ketoconazole (Systemic): May increase the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
Lomitapide: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase the serum concentration of Lomitapide. Management: Patients on lomitapide 5 mg/day may continue that dose. Patients taking lomitapide 10 mg/day or more should decrease the lomitapide dose by half. The lomitapide dose may then be titrated up to a max adult dose of 30 mg/day. Consider therapy modification
Lopinavir: May increase the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
Lovastatin: Elbasvir may increase the serum concentration of Lovastatin. Monitor therapy
Lovastatin: Grazoprevir may increase the serum concentration of Lovastatin. Monitor therapy
Luliconazole: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
MiFEPRIStone: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Management: Minimize doses of CYP3A4 substrates, and monitor for increased concentrations/toxicity, during and 2 weeks following treatment with mifepristone. Avoid cyclosporine, dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, fentanyl, pimozide, quinidine, sirolimus, and tacrolimus. Consider therapy modification
Netupitant: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
NiMODipine: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase the serum concentration of NiMODipine. Monitor therapy
OATP1B1/SLCO1B1 Inhibitors: May increase the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
Osimertinib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Osimertinib may decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
Palbociclib: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
PAZOPanib: BCRP/ABCG2 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of PAZOPanib. Avoid combination
Pimozide: CYP3A4 Inhibitors (Weak) may increase the serum concentration of Pimozide. Avoid combination
RifAMPin: May decrease the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Conversely, single doses of Rifampin may increase Grazoprevir concentrations. Avoid combination
Rosuvastatin: Grazoprevir may increase the serum concentration of Rosuvastatin. Management: Limit the dose of rosuvastatin to a maximum of 10 mg/day when used together with elbasvir and grazoprevir. Monitor closely for evidence of statin-related toxicities such as myalgia or myopathy. Consider therapy modification
Rosuvastatin: Elbasvir may increase the serum concentration of Rosuvastatin. Management: Limit the dose of rosuvastatin to a maximum of 10 mg/day when used together with elbasvir and grazoprevir. Monitor closely for evidence of statin-related toxicities such as myalgia or myopathy. Consider therapy modification
Saquinavir: May increase the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
Siltuximab: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
Simvastatin: Elbasvir may increase the serum concentration of Simvastatin. Monitor therapy
Simvastatin: Grazoprevir may increase the serum concentration of Simvastatin. Monitor therapy
St Johns Wort: May decrease the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
St John's Wort: May decrease the serum concentration of Elbasvir. Avoid combination
Stiripentol: May increase the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Management: Use of stiripentol with CYP3A4 substrates that are considered to have a narrow therapeutic index should be avoided due to the increased risk for adverse effects and toxicity. Any CYP3A4 substrate used with stiripentol requires closer monitoring. Consider therapy modification
Tacrolimus (Systemic): Grazoprevir may increase the serum concentration of Tacrolimus (Systemic). Monitor therapy
Tipranavir: May increase the serum concentration of Grazoprevir. Avoid combination
Tocilizumab: May decrease the serum concentration of CYP3A4 Substrates. Monitor therapy
Topotecan: BCRP/ABCG2 Inhibitors may increase the serum concentration of Topotecan. Consider therapy modification
Hepatic function (baseline, treatment week 8 and week 12 [if treatment duration is 16 weeks] and as clinically indicated). In genotype 1a patients, testing for the presence of virus with NS5A resistance-associated polymorphisms is recommended prior to treatment initiation.
Serum HCV-RNA at baseline, weeks 4, 8, 12, during treatment follow up, and when clinically indicated
>10%:
Central nervous system: Fatigue (7% to 11%), headache (11%)
Gastrointestinal: Nausea (5% to 11%)
1% to 10%:
Central nervous system: Insomnia (3% to 5%), dizziness (2% to 3%), irritability (1% to 2%), anxiety (1%), depression (1%)
Dermatologic: Night sweats (2%), pruritus (2%), alopecia (1%)
Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea (2% to 5%), abdominal pain (2%), constipation (2%), decreased appetite (2%), dyspepsia (2%), flatulence (2%), upper abdominal pain (2%), vomiting (1% to 2%), xerostomia (1% to 2%)
Hepatic: Increased serum bilirubin ( ≤2%), increased serum ALT ( ≤1%; may be increased in females, patients of Asian descent, and older adults)
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Weakness (4%), increased creatine phosphokinase (2%), myalgia (2%), arthralgia ( ≤2%)
Otic: Tinnitus (2%)
Concerns related to adverse effects:
- ALT elevations: ALT elevations (>5 times ULN) have been observed generally at week 8 or beyond; changes have been mostly asymptomatic and resolved with ongoing or completed therapy. Females, Asian patients, and patients ≥65 years of age may be at greater risk for ALT changes. Patients should report fatigue, weakness, decreased appetite, nausea/vomiting, jaundice, or discolored feces. Monitor liver function tests prior to therapy, at treatment week 8, and as clinically indicated. Consider discontinuing (US labeling) or discontinue therapy (Canadian labeling) if ALT levels remain persistently >10 times ULN. Discontinue therapy if accompanied by signs/symptoms of hepatic inflammation or increasing conjugated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, or international normalized ratio (INR).
Disease-related concerns:
- Hepatic impairment: Use is contraindicated in moderate or severe impairment (Child-Pugh class B or C).
Concurrent drug therapy issues:
- Drug-drug interactions: Potentially significant interactions may exist, requiring dose or frequency adjustments, additional monitoring, and/or selection of alternative therapy. Consult drug interactions database for more detailed information.
Other warnings/precautions:
- Appropriate use: When used in combination with ribavirin (US labeling) or ribavirin or sofosbuvir (Canadian labeling), refer to individual monographs for warnings regarding use. Not indicated for treatment of HCV genotypes 2, 5, and 6 (has not been studied).
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV)/HCV coinfection: Safety and efficacy not established in patients with HBV/HCV coinfection.
- Liver transplant recipients (Canadian labeling): Safety and efficacy not established in patients awaiting or who have received a liver transplant.
- Resistance testing prior to treatment initiation in HCV genotype 1a: Testing patients with HCV genotype 1a infection for the presence of virus with NS5A resistance-associated polymorphisms is recommended prior to treatment initiation to determine regimen and duration. Sustained virologic response rates were lower after 12 weeks in genotype 1a-infected patients with one or more baseline NS5A resistance-associated polymorphisms at amino acid positions 28, 30, 31, or 93.
Adverse events have not been observed in animal reproduction studies. The safety of treating hepatitis C during pregnancy has not been established; current guidelines recommend delaying pregnancy until HCV antiviral treatment is completed (AASLD/IDSA 2016).
Elbasvir is an inhibitor of HCV NS5A, which is essential for viral replication and virion assembly.
Grazoprevir is an inhibitor of HCV NS3/4A protease, necessary for the proteolytic cleavage of the HCV-encoded polyprotein (into mature forms of the NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B proteins) and is essential for viral replication.
Not affected by meals.
Elbasvir: Distribution into most tissue including hepatic; Grazoprevir: Predominantly hepatic distribution
Vd: Elbasvir: ~680 L; Grazoprevir: ~1,250 L
Elbasvir, Grazoprevir: Hepatic (partial oxidative metabolism via CYP3A); metabolites not detected in plasma
Feces (>90%); urine (<1%)
Elbasvir: Median: 3 hours (range: 3 to 6 hours); Grazoprevir: Median: 2 hours (range: 30 minutes to 3 hours)
Elbasvir: ~24 hours; Grazoprevir: ~31 hours
Elbasvir: >99.9% (albumin, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein); Grazoprevir: 98.8% (albumin, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein)
- Discuss specific use of drug and side effects with patient as it relates to treatment. (HCAHPS: During this hospital stay, were you given any medicine that you had not taken before? Before giving you any new medicine, how often did hospital staff tell you what the medicine was for? How often did hospital staff describe possible side effects in a way you could understand?)
- Patient may experience nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, or insomnia. Have patient report immediately to prescriber signs of liver problems (dark urine, feeling tired, lack of appetite, nausea, abdominal pain, light-colored stools, vomiting, or yellow skin or eyes) or severe loss of strength and energy (HCAHPS).
- Educate patient about signs of a significant reaction (eg, wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat). Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Patient should consult prescriber for additional questions.
Intended Use and Disclaimer: Should not be printed and given to patients. This information is intended to serve as a concise initial reference for health care professionals to use when discussing medications with a patient. You must ultimately rely on your own discretion, experience, and judgment in diagnosing, treating, and advising patients.