(soo GAM ma dex)
Reversal of rocuronium or vecuronium: For the reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium or vecuronium in adults undergoing surgery
Limitations of use: Sugammadex has not been evaluated for reversal of rocuronium or vecuronium in the intensive care unit. Do not use sugammadex for neuromuscular blockade induced by nonsteroidal neuromuscular blocking agents (eg, succinylcholine or benzylisoquinolinium compounds) or steroidal agents other than rocuronium or vecuronium.
Hypersensitivity to sugammadex or any component of the formulation
Note: Dosing based on actual body weight.
Routine reversal of rocuronium- or vecuronium-induced blockade: IV:
Deep block (at least 1 to 2 post-tetanic counts but prior to appearance of T2): 4 mg/kg as a single dose
Moderate block (after appearance of T2): 2 mg/kg as a single dose
Readministration of rocuronium or vecuronium: Following sugammadex use for routine reversal, waiting times for readministration of rocuronium or vecuronium vary greatly (5 minutes to 24 hours) depending on agent, dose, and renal function (consult product labeling); if immediate neuromuscular blockade is needed, a nonsteroidal neuromuscular-blocking agent may be required.
Immediate reversal of rocuronium-induced blockade: IV: 16 mg/kg as a single dose administered soon (~3 minutes) after administration of a single dose of rocuronium 1.2 mg/kg. Note: This dose of sugammadex has not been evaluated following administration of vecuronium.
Readministration of rocuronium or administration of vecuronium: Following sugammadex use for immediate reversal of rocuronium, wait 24 hours before readministering rocuronium or administering vecuronium. If more immediate neuromuscular blockade is needed, a nonsteroidal neuromuscular-blocking agent may be required.
Refer to adult dosing.
Routine reversal of rocuronium-induced blockade (off-label use):Infants, Children, and Adolescents (off-label use): Limited data available: IV: 2 mg/kg as a single dose (Plaud 2009).
Mild to moderate impairment: No dosage adjustment necessary. After administration of up to 4 mg/kg of sugammadex and at least 24 hours has elapsed, a neuromuscular blocking agent (ie, rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg or vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg) may be readministered if necessary. If sooner readministration of a neuromuscular blocking agent is required, rocuronium 1.2 mg/kg may be administered (no dosing recommended for vecuronium).
Severe impairment: Use is not recommended.
Dialysis: Use is not recommended.
Mild to severe impairment: There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer 's labeling (has not been studied); use with caution, particularly if accompanied by coagulopathy or severe edema.
IV: Administer as rapid IV push over 10 seconds; if administered in same IV line as other products, flush with saline before and after administration of sugammadex.
Store at 25 ‚ °C (77 ‚ °F); excursions permitted to 15 ‚ °C to 30 ‚ °C (59 ‚ °F to 86 ‚ °F). Protect from light. When not protected from light, the vial should be used within 5 days.
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Solution, Intravenous:
Bridion: 200 mg/2 mL (2 mL); 500 mg/5 mL (5 mL)
May be injected into the intravenous line of a running infusion with the following intravenous solutions: NS, D5W, Isolyte P in D5W, LR, D2.51/2 NS, D5NS, Ringers.
Y-site administration: Incompatible: Verapamil, ondansetron, ranitidine.
Anticoagulants: Sugammadex may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Anticoagulants. Monitor therapy
Contraceptives (Estrogens): Sugammadex may decrease the serum concentration of Contraceptives (Estrogens). Management: Patients receiving any hormonal contraceptive (oral or non-oral) should use an additional, nonhormonal contraceptive method during and for 7 days following sugammadex treatment. Consider therapy modification
Contraceptives (Progestins): Sugammadex may decrease the serum concentration of Contraceptives (Progestins). Management: Patients receiving any hormonal contraceptive (oral or non-oral) should use an additional, nonhormonal contraceptive method during and for 7 days following sugammadex treatment. Consider therapy modification
Fusidic Acid (Systemic): May diminish the therapeutic effect of Sugammadex. Monitor therapy
Toremifene: May diminish the therapeutic effect of Sugammadex. Monitor therapy
Neuromuscular stimulation (eg, post-tetanic counts [PTC] and train-of-four [TOF]); hemostatic and coagulation parameters in select patients; respiratory function during recovery
May interfere with the serum progesterone assay; interaction may be observed for up to 30 minutes after a 16 mg/kg dose of sugammadex.
>10%:
Cardiovascular: Hypotension (5% to 13%)
Central nervous system: Headache (10%)
Gastrointestinal: Nausea (26%), vomiting (11% to 15%)
Local: Pain at injection site (48% to 52%)
1% to 10%:
Cardiovascular: Hypertension (9%), prolonged QT interval on ECG (6%), bradycardia (5%), tachycardia (2% to 5%)
Central nervous system: Anesthesia complication (1% to 9%), chills (7%), incisional pain (4% to 6%), dizziness (3% to 6%), insomnia (5%), hypoesthesia (3%), anxiety (1% to 3%), restlessness (1% to 2%), depression ( ≤2%)
Dermatologic: Pruritus (3%), erythema (2%)
Endocrine & metabolic: Hypocalcemia (2%)
Gastrointestinal: Abdominal pain (4% to 6%), flatulence (3%), xerostomia ( ≤2%)
Hematologic & oncologic: Wound hemorrhage (2%), decreased red blood cells (1% to 2%)
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Limb pain (6%), musculoskeletal pain (2%), myalgia (2%), increased creatine phosphokinase (1% to 2%), neuromuscular blockade ( ≤2%; reoccurrence)
Respiratory: Cough (3% to 8%)
Miscellaneous: Fever (5% to 9%), procedural complications (8%), hysterectomy (2%)
<1%, postmarketing, and/or case reports: Anaphylactic shock, anaphylactoid reaction, atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block, bronchospasm, dyspnea, extrasystoles, hypersensitivity reaction, laryngospasm, pulmonary edema, ST segment changes on ECG, supraventricular extrasystole, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia
Concerns related to adverse effects:
- Bradycardia: Marked bradycardia and bradycardia with cardiac arrest have been reported, usually within minutes after administration. Monitor closely for hemodynamic changes during and after reversal of neuromuscular blockade; use appropriate pharmacologic treatment (eg, atropine) if significant bradycardia occurs.
- Hypersensitivity: Hypersensitivity reactions (including anaphylaxis) have been reported (uncommonly); symptoms include flushing, urticaria, erythematous rash as well as severe hypotension, tachycardia, oropharyngeal/tongue edema, and acute bronchospasm. May occur in patients without prior exposure to sugammadex.
- Recurrence of neuromuscular blockade: Recurrence of neuromuscular blockade has occurred in controlled trials, usually associated with suboptimal dosing. After initial reversal with sugammadex, continue respiratory monitoring and ensure adequate ventilator support remains accessible following extubation. Potentiation of neuromuscular blockade by other drugs used in the post-operative period should also be considered for the possibility of recurrence.
- Respiratory function monitoring: Since other drugs (eg, opioids) used in the peri- and post-operative period may depress respiratory function, ventilatory support is mandatory until adequate spontaneous respiration is restored and ability to maintain a patent airway is assured. In addition, some patients experience a delayed or minimal response to recommended doses of sugammadex.
Disease-related concerns:
- Cardiovascular disease: Use caution in patients with cardiovascular disease; reversal time may be delayed.
- Hepatic impairment: Use caution with severe hepatic impairment (has not been studied) due to potential effects on hemostasis.
- Impaired hemostasis: Use caution in patients with or at risk for impaired hemostasis (eg, coagulopathies, severe liver impairment, or concurrent use of anticoagulants at therapeutic doses). Dose-dependent transient increases in activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and normalized prothrombin time (PT [INR]) have been observed. In clinical trials, significant effects on bleeding were not observed with low-dose sugammadex alone or in conjunction with therapeutic anticoagulation; high risk patients and those receiving high-dose sugammadex were not adequately studied. Careful monitoring of hemostatic and coagulation parameters is recommended.
- Renal impairment: Use is not recommended in patients with severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/minute) or on dialysis.
Concurrent drug therapy issues:
- Drug-drug interactions: Potentially significant interactions may exist, requiring dose or frequency adjustment, additional monitoring, and/or selection of alternative therapy. Consult drug interactions database for more detailed information.
Special populations:
- Elderly patients: Use caution in elderly patients; reversal time may be delayed.
Other warnings/precautions:
- Appropriate use: Use in intensive care (ICU) setting has not been evaluated. Not indicated for reversal of neuromuscular-blocking agents other than rocuronium or vecuronium.
- Experienced personnel: Must be administered under supervision of experienced anesthetist familiar with its use.
- Light anesthesia: Signs of light anesthesia (eg, coughing, grimacing, or suckling of tracheal tube) may become apparent when neuromuscular blockade is reversed intentionally in the middle of anesthesia.
Adverse events were observed in some animal reproduction studies. Limited information is available related to the use of sugammadex for the reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade after cesarean section (P ƒ ¼hringer 2010; Stourac 2013). The effects of hormonal contraception may be decreased following sugammadex administration. An additional nonhormonal contraceptive (eg, condom, spermicide) should be used for 7 days after a dose of sugammadex in women using oral or non-oral hormonal contraception.
Sugammadex is a modified gamma cyclodextrin which is a selective relaxant binding agent. It forms a complex with the neuromuscular-blocking agents rocuronium or vecuronium in plasma, reducing the amount of neuromuscular-blocking agent available to bind to nicotinic receptors in the neuromuscular junction. This results in the reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium or vecuronium.
Vd: 11 to 14 L
Not metabolized
Urine (95% as unchanged drug)
<3 minutes
Effective: ~2 hours; Prolonged in renal impairment: Mild renal impairment: 4 hours; Moderate renal impairment: 6 hours; Severe renal impairment: 19 hours
Negligible
- Discuss specific use of drug and side effects with patient as it relates to treatment. (HCAHPS: During this hospital stay, were you given any medicine that you had not taken before? Before giving you any new medicine, how often did hospital staff tell you what the medicine was for? How often did hospital staff describe possible side effects in a way you could understand?)
- Patient may experience nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, cough, or insomnia. Have patient report immediately to prescriber signs of bleeding (vomiting blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds, coughing up blood, blood in the urine, black, red, or tarry stools, bleeding from the gums, abnormal vaginal bleeding, bruises without a reason or that get bigger, or any bleeding that is very bad or that will not stop), flushing, skin irritation, tachycardia, bradycardia, arrhythmia, angina, severe dizziness, passing out, severe headache, or chills (HCAHPS).
- Educate patient about signs of a significant reaction (eg, wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat). Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Patient should consult prescriber for additional questions.
Intended Use and Disclaimer: Should not be printed and given to patients. This information is intended to serve as a concise initial reference for health care professionals to use when discussing medications with a patient. You must ultimately rely on your own discretion, experience, and judgment in diagnosing, treating, and advising patients.