(oh bi nue TOOZ ue mab)
US labeling:
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Treatment of patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in combination with chlorambucil
Follicular lymphoma: Treatment of follicular lymphoma (in combination with bendamustine followed by obinutuzumab monotherapy) in patients who relapsed after, or are refractory to, a rituximab-containing regimen.
Canadian labeling:
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Treatment of patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in combination with chlorambucil
US labeling: There are no contraindications listed in the manufacturer 's labeling.
Canadian labeling: Known hypersensitivity (IgE mediated) to obinutuzumab or any component of the formulation.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation, in some cases resulting in fulminant hepatitis, hepatic failure, and death, can occur in patients receiving CD20-directed cytolytic antibodies, including obinutuzumab. Screen all patients for HBV infection before treatment initiation. Monitor HBV-positive patients during and after treatment with obinutuzumab. Discontinue obinutuzumab and concomitant chemotherapy in the event of HBV reactivation.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy:Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), including fatal PML, can occur in patients receiving obinutuzumab.
Note: Premedication with acetaminophen, an antihistamine, and a glucocorticoid (dexamethasone or methylprednisolone) 30 to 60 minutes prior to treatment may be necessary (see Administration). Antihyperuricemic prophylaxis and adequate hydration are recommended for patients at risk for tumor lysis syndrome. Antimicrobial, antiviral, and antifungal prophylaxis may be considered in certain patients.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): IV:
Cycle 1: 100 mg on day 1, followed by 900 mg on day 2, followed by 1,000 mg weekly for 2 doses (days 8 and 15)
Cycles 2 through 6: 1,000 mg on day 1 every 28 days for 5 doses
Missed doses: Administer the missed dose as soon as possible; adjust dosing schedule accordingly. In some cases, patients who do not complete the day 1 cycle 1 dose may proceed to the day 2 cycle 1 treatment (if appropriate).
Follicular lymphoma: IV: Note: Patients with stable disease, complete response, or partial response after 6 cycles of combination therapy with obinutuzumab and bendamustine should continue on obinutuzumab monotherapy for 2 years.
Cycle 1 (in combination with bendamustine): 1,000 mg weekly for 3 doses on day 1, day 8, and day 15
Cycles 2 through 6 (in combination with bendamustine): 1,000 mg on day 1 every 28 days for 5 doses
Obinutuzumab monotherapy: 1,000 mg once every 2 months for 2 years
Missed doses: Administer the missed dose as soon as possible; adjust dosing schedule accordingly. During obinutuzumab monotherapy, maintain the original dosing schedule for subsequent doses.
Refer to adult dosing.
CrCl ≥30 mL/minute: There are no dosage adjustments provided in the US manufacturer 's labeling; however, pharmacokinetics are not affected (based on pharmacokinetic analysis). The Canadian labeling recommends that no dosage adjustment is necessary.
CrCl <30 mL/minute: There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer 's labeling (has not been studied)
There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer 's labeling (has not been studied)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia:
Cycle 1, day 1 and 2 doses (100 mg and 900 mg, respectively): Withdraw 40 mL of obinutuzumab solution from vial. Dilute 4 mL into a 100 mL infusion bag of NS (100 mg dose; use immediately). Dilute remaining 36 mL into a 250 mL NS infusion bag (900 mg dose, for use on day 2); store at 2 ‚ °C to 8 ‚ °C (36 ‚ °F to 46 ‚ °F) for up to 24 hours; use immediately after reaching room temperature. Gently invert to mix; do not shake or freeze.
Cycle 1 (day 8 and 15 doses) and cycles 2 through 6 (1,000 mg): Withdraw 40 mL of obinutuzumab solution from vial. Dilute into a 250 mL NS infusion bag. Gently invert to mix; do not shake or freeze.
Do not use other diluents (eg, dextrose) to prepare the infusion. Final concentration for administration should be 0.4 to 4 mg/mL. May use PVC or non-PVC infusion bags.
Follicular lymphoma (1,000 mg): Withdraw 40 mL of obinutuzumab solution from vial. Dilute into a 250 mL NS infusion bag. Gently invert to mix; do not shake or freeze.
Do not use other diluents (eg, dextrose) to prepare the infusion. Final concentration for administration should be 0.4 to 4 mg/mL. May use PVC or non-PVC infusion bags.
For IV infusion only. Do not administer IV push or as a bolus. Administer through a dedicated IV line; do not mix with or infuse with other medications. May use PVC or non-PVC administration sets. Premedication with acetaminophen, an antihistamine, and a glucocorticoid (dexamethasone or methylprednisolone) may be required to prevent infusion reactions (see below). In patients with severe neutropenia lasting more than 1 week, antimicrobial prophylaxis is strongly recommended (continue until neutropenia resolves to grade 1 or 2); antiviral and antifungal prophylaxis should be considered.
Premedication to prevent infusion reactions:
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (cycle 1 [days 1 and 2]) and follicular lymphoma (FL) (day 1): All patients should receive acetaminophen (650 to 1,000 mg) and an antihistamine (eg, diphenhydramine 50 mg) at least 30 minutes prior to infusion. In addition, an IV glucocorticoid (dexamethasone 20 mg or methylprednisolone 80 mg) should be administered at least 1 hour prior to infusion.
All subsequent infusions: All patients should receive acetaminophen 650 to 1,000 mg at least 30 minutes prior to infusion.
If patients experienced grade 1 or 2 infusion-related reaction with previous infusion: Administer an antihistamine (eg, diphenhydramine 50 mg) in addition to acetaminophen at least 30 minutes prior to infusion.
If patients experienced a grade 3 infusion-related reaction with previous infusion or have a lymphocyte count >25,000 cells/mm3 prior to next treatment: Administer an IV glucocorticoid (dexamethasone 20 mg or methylprednisolone 80 mg) at least 1 hour prior to infusion, in addition to acetaminophen and an antihistamine at least 30 minutes prior to infusion.
Infusion rate:
CLL:
Cycle 1 (day 1): Infuse at 25 mg/hour over 4 hours; do not increase the infusion rate
Cycle 1 (day 2): If no reaction to previous infusion, initiate infusion at 50 mg/hour for 30 minutes; if tolerated, may escalate rate in increments of 50 mg/hour every 30 minutes to a maximum rate of 400 mg/hour.
Cycle 1 (days 8 and 15), and cycles 2 through 6: If no reaction to previous infusion and the final infusion rate was 100 mg/hour or faster, initiate infusion at 100 mg/hour for 30 minutes; if tolerated, may escalate infusion rate in increments of 100 mg/hour every 30 minutes to a maximum rate of 400 mg/hour.
FL:
Cycle 1 (day 1): Initiate infusion at 50 mg/hour; if tolerated, may escalate rate in increments of 50 mg/hour every 30 minutes to a maximum rate of 400 mg/hour.
All subsequent infusions: If no reaction to previous infusion and the final infusion rate was 100 mg/hour or faster, initiate infusion at 100 mg/hour for 30 minutes; if tolerated, may escalate rate in increments of 100 mg/hour every 30 minutes to a maximum rate of 400 mg/hour.
Store intact vials at 2 ‚ °C to 8 ‚ °C (36 ‚ °F to 46 ‚ °F); do not freeze or shake. Protect from light. Solutions diluted in NS for infusion should be used immediately. If not used immediately, the diluted solutions may be stored up to 24 hours at 2 ‚ °C to 8 ‚ °C (36 ‚ °F to 46 ‚ °F) followed by 48 hours (including infusion time) at room temperature of ≤30 ‚ °C ( ≤86 ‚ °F).
Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.
Solution, Intravenous [preservative free]:
Gazyva: 1000 mg/40 mL (40 mL)
Stable in NS.
Agents with Antiplatelet Properties (e.g., P2Y12 inhibitors, NSAIDs, SSRIs, etc.): May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Obinutuzumab. Specifically, the risk of serious bleeding-related events may be increased. Monitor therapy
Alfuzosin: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Amifostine: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Amifostine. Management: When amifostine is used at chemotherapy doses, blood pressure lowering medications should be withheld for 24 hours prior to amifostine administration. If blood pressure lowering therapy cannot be withheld, amifostine should not be administered. Consider therapy modification
Anticoagulants: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Obinutuzumab. Specifically, the risk of serious bleeding-related events may be increased. Monitor therapy
Antipsychotic Agents (Second Generation [Atypical]): Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of Antipsychotic Agents (Second Generation [Atypical]). Monitor therapy
Barbiturates: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
BCG (Intravesical): Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of BCG (Intravesical). Avoid combination
BCG (Intravesical): Myelosuppressive Agents may diminish the therapeutic effect of BCG (Intravesical). Avoid combination
Belimumab: Monoclonal Antibodies may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Belimumab. Avoid combination
Blood Pressure Lowering Agents: Obinutuzumab may enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Management: Consider temporarily withholding blood pressure lowering medications beginning 12 hours prior to obinutuzumab infusion and continuing until 1 hour after the end of the infusion. Consider therapy modification
Brimonidine (Topical): May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Coccidioides immitis Skin Test: Immunosuppressants may diminish the diagnostic effect of Coccidioides immitis Skin Test. Monitor therapy
Deferiprone: Myelosuppressive Agents may enhance the neutropenic effect of Deferiprone. Avoid combination
Denosumab: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Immunosuppressants. Specifically, the risk for serious infections may be increased. Monitor therapy
Diazoxide: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Dipyrone: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Myelosuppressive Agents. Specifically, the risk for agranulocytosis and pancytopenia may be increased Avoid combination
DULoxetine: Blood Pressure Lowering Agents may enhance the hypotensive effect of DULoxetine. Monitor therapy
Echinacea: May diminish the therapeutic effect of Immunosuppressants. Consider therapy modification
Fingolimod: Immunosuppressants may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Fingolimod. Management: Avoid the concomitant use of fingolimod and other immunosuppressants when possible. If combined, monitor patients closely for additive immunosuppressant effects (eg, infections). Consider therapy modification
Herbs (Hypotensive Properties): May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Leflunomide: Immunosuppressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Leflunomide. Specifically, the risk for hematologic toxicity such as pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, and/or thrombocytopenia may be increased. Management: Consider not using a leflunomide loading dose in patients receiving other immunosuppressants. Patients receiving both leflunomide and another immunosuppressant should be monitored for bone marrow suppression at least monthly. Consider therapy modification
Molsidomine: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Naftopidil: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Natalizumab: Immunosuppressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Natalizumab. Specifically, the risk of concurrent infection may be increased. Avoid combination
Nicergoline: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Nicorandil: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Nivolumab: Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Nivolumab. Consider therapy modification
Pentoxifylline: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Pimecrolimus: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
Prostacyclin Analogues: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Quinagolide: May enhance the hypotensive effect of Blood Pressure Lowering Agents. Monitor therapy
Roflumilast: May enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Immunosuppressants. Consider therapy modification
Sipuleucel-T: Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Sipuleucel-T. Monitor therapy
Tacrolimus (Topical): May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
Tofacitinib: Immunosuppressants may enhance the immunosuppressive effect of Tofacitinib. Management: Concurrent use with antirheumatic doses of methotrexate or nonbiologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is permitted, and this warning seems particularly focused on more potent immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
Trastuzumab: May enhance the neutropenic effect of Immunosuppressants. Monitor therapy
Vaccines (Inactivated): Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Vaccines (Inactivated). Management: Vaccine efficacy may be reduced. Complete all age-appropriate vaccinations at least 2 weeks prior to starting an immunosuppressant. If vaccinated during immunosuppressant therapy, revaccinate at least 3 months after immunosuppressant discontinuation. Consider therapy modification
Vaccines (Live): Immunosuppressants may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Vaccines (Live). Immunosuppressants may diminish the therapeutic effect of Vaccines (Live). Management: Avoid use of live organism vaccines with immunosuppressants; live-attenuated vaccines should not be given for at least 3 months after immunosuppressants. Avoid combination
CBC with differential (at regular intervals), renal function, electrolytes, uric acid (if at risk for tumor lysis syndrome); hepatitis B screening in all patients (HBsAG and anti-HBc measurements) prior to therapy initiation. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening recommendations (American Society of Clinical Oncology provisional clinical opinion update [Hwang 2015]): Screen for HBV infection with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAG) and hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) tests prior to treatment initiation; either a total anti-HBc (with both immunoglobulin G [IgG] and immunoglobulin M [IgM]) or anti-HBc IgG test should be used to screen for chronic or unresolved HBV infection (do not use anti-HBc IgM as it may only confirm acute HBV infection). HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc " “positive patients should be monitored for HBV reactivation with HBV DNA and ALT testing approximately every 3 months during treatment.
Monitor for signs of active hepatitis B infection (during and for up to 12 months after therapy completion). Monitor for signs or symptoms of infusion reaction; signs of infection; fluid status; signs/symptoms of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML; focal neurologic deficits, which may present as hemiparesis, visual field deficits, cognitive impairment, aphasia, ataxia, and/or cranial nerve deficits); evaluate for PML with brain MRI, lumbar puncture, and neurologist consultation.
Adverse reactions reported in combination with chlorambucil or bendamustine in addition to reaction incidence during the monotherapy phase.
>10%:
Endocrine & metabolic: Hypophosphatemia (25% to 41%), hypocalcemia (37% to 38%;), hyperkalemia ( 33%), hyponatremia (26%), hypoalbuminemia (23%), hypokalemia (14%)
Gastrointestinal: Constipation (8% to 19%)
Hematologic & oncologic: Lymphocytopenia (80% to 99%; grades 3/4: 39% to 93%), leukopenia (6% to86%; grades 3/4: 4% to47%), neutropenia (11% to 76%; grades 3/4: 10% to 52%; onset ≥28 days after completion of treatment: 16%; lasting ≥ 28 days: 3%), decreased hemoglobin (50%), thrombocytopenia (11% to 48%; grades 3/4: 1% to 13% onset within 24 hours of infusion: 4%), anemia (12% to 39%; grades 3/4: 1% to 10%), hemorrhage (11%; grades 3/4: 5%)
Hepatic: Increased serum AST (24% to 27%), increased serum ALT (21% to 35%), increased serum alkaline phosphatase (18%)
Infection: Infection (38% to 66%)
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Musculoskeletal signs and symptoms (18% to 41%; including pain), back pain (5%), arthralgia (7% to 12%), weakness (11%)
Renal: Decreased creatinine clearance (43% to 58%), increased serum creatinine (30%)
Respiratory: Cough (10% to 26%), upper respiratory tract infection (12% to 13%), sinusitis (10% to 12%)
1% to 10%:
Central nervous system: Fatigue (8%)
Dermatologic: Pruritus (9%)
Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea (8% to 10%), nausea (8%), dyspepsia (5%)
Genitourinary: Urinary tract infection (5% to 10%)
Endocrine & metabolic: Hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia
Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea (10%; grades 3/4: 2%), constipation (8%), vomiting
Genitourinary: Urinary tract infection (5% to 6%; grades 3/4: 1% to 2%)
Hematologic & oncologic: Tumor lysis syndrome, febrile neutropenia
Hepatic: Increased liver enzymes (4%; may be secondary or exacerbated by premedications)
Immunologic: Antibody development (1% to 7%)
Infection: Sepsis
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Limb pain (9%)
Respiratory: Nasopharyngitis (6% to 9%), bronchitis (7%), nasal congestion (7%)
Miscellaneous: Infusion related reaction (initial infusion: 53% to 69%; grades 3/4: 9% to 20%; second infusion: 3% to 25%; subsequent infusions: ≤8%), fever (6% to 18%)
Frequency Not Defined:
Cardiovascular: Exacerbation of cardiac disease
Central nervous system: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Infection: JCV (John Cunningham virus) infection, reactivation of HBV, viral infection (new or reactivation)
Concerns related to adverse effects:
- Bone marrow suppression: Severe and life-threatening (grade 3 and 4) neutropenia (including neutropenic fever) has been observed in clinical trials. Neutropenia may have a late onset (>28 days after therapy completion) and/or be prolonged (duration >28 days). Consider administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors in patients who develop grade 3 or 4 neutropenia. Monitor for signs/symptoms of infection; antimicrobial prophylaxis is recommended in neutropenic patients with severe neutropenia that lasts more than 1 week (continue prophylaxis until neutropenia improves to ≤ grade 2). Antiviral and/or antifungal prophylaxis should also be considered. Severe and life-threatening thrombocytopenia has also been reported. In a small percentage of patients, thrombocytopenia occurred acutely (within 24 hours) after obinutuzumab administration; platelet transfusions may be necessary. Fatal hemorrhagic events during the first cycle of therapy for CLL have been reported; monitor frequently for thrombocytopenia and bleeding episodes, particularly during the initial cycle. Thrombocytopenia may require dose delays of obinutuzumab and chemotherapy and/or dose reductions of chemotherapy. Consider withholding platelet inhibitors, anticoagulants, or other medications which may increase bleeding risk (especially during the first cycle). Leukopenia and lymphopenia commonly occur. Monitor blood counts frequently throughout therapy.
- Cardiovascular effects: Serious cardiovascular effects (some fatal) have been reported; monitor patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease carefully.
- Hepatitis B virus reactivation: [US Boxed Warning]: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation may occur with use of CD20-directed cytolytic antibodies (including obinutuzumab) and may result in fulminant hepatitis, hepatic failure, and death. Screen all patients for HBV infection by measuring hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) prior to therapy initiation; monitor patients for clinical and laboratory signs of hepatitis or HBV during and for several months after treatment. Discontinue obinutuzumab (and concomitant chemotherapy) if viral hepatitis develops and initiate appropriate antiviral therapy. Reactivation has occurred in patients who are HBsAg positive as well as in those who are HBsAg negative but are anti-HBc positive; HBV reactivation has also been observed in patients who had previously resolved HBV infection. HBV reactivation has been reported for other CD20-directed antibodies after therapy discontinuation. Reactivation of HBV replication is often followed by hepatitis. Use cautiously in patients who show evidence of prior HBV infection (eg, HBsAg positive [regardless of antibody status] or HBsAG negative but anti-HBc positive); consult with appropriate clinicians regarding monitoring and consideration of antiviral therapy before and/or during obinutuzumab treatment. The safety of resuming obinutuzumab treatment following HBV reactivation is not known; discuss reinitiation of therapy in patients with resolved HBV reactivation with physicians experienced in HBV management.
American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) provisional clinical opinion update on hepatitis B virus screening recommendations (Hwang 2015): Patients receiving anti-CD20 antibodies are at high risk for HBV reactivation. Screen for HBV infection with HBsAG and anti-HBc tests prior to treatment initiation; either a total anti-HBc (with both immunoglobulin G [IgG] and immunoglobulin M [IgM]) or anti-HBc IgG test should be used to screen for chronic or unresolved HBV infection (do not use anti-HBc IgM, as it may only confirm acute HBV infection). In addition, patients who have risk factors for HBV infection (eg, birthplace in a country with ≥2% HBV prevalence, household or sexual contact with HBV-infected patients, high-risk behaviors [eg, intravenous drug use], and HIV infection) should also be screened prior to beginning therapy. Initiate prophylactic antiviral therapy (utilizing antivirals with low rates of viral resistance) for HBsAg-positive/anti-HBc " “positive patients (without delaying cancer therapy) and continue the antivirals during and for ~6 to 12 months after completing treatment. HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc " “positive patients should be monitored for HBV reactivation with HBV DNA and ALT testing approximately every 3 months during treatment; antiviral therapy may be initiated prophylactically or begun promptly at the first sign of HBV reactivation.
- Infection: Bacterial, fungal, and new or reactivated viral infections may occur during and/or following therapy; fatal infections have been reported. Do not administer to patients with an active infection. Patients with a history of recurrent or chronic infections may be at increased risk; monitor closely for signs/symptoms of infection.
- Infusion reaction: May cause severe and life-threatening infusion reactions; reactions may include bronchospasm, dyspnea, tachycardia, larynx and throat irritation, wheezing, laryngeal edema, flushing, hypertension, hypotension, fever, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache and/or chills. Infusion reactions occur more frequently with the first 1,000 mg infused. Delayed reactions (up to 24 hours later) and reactions with subsequent infusions have occurred. Premedicate with acetaminophen, an antihistamine, and an IV glucocorticoid (dexamethasone or methylprednisolone) prior to infusion. Hydrocortisone has not been effective in reducing the rate of infusion reactions and is not recommended. Infusion reactions may require rate reduction, interruption of therapy, or treatment discontinuation. Monitor during the entire infusion; monitor patients with pre-existing cardiac or pulmonary conditions closely. Consider temporarily withholding antihypertensive therapies for 12 hours prior to, during, and for 1 hour after administration. Administer in a facility with immediate access to resuscitative measures (eg, glucocorticoids, epinephrine, bronchodilators, and/or oxygen).
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: [US Boxed Warning]: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) resulting in death may occur with treatment. PML is due to JC virus infection. Consider PML in any patient with new onset or worsening neurological symptoms and if PML is suspected, discontinue obinutuzumab (consider discontinuation or dose reduction of any concomitant chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy) and evaluate promptly.
- Tumor lysis syndrome: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) has been reported with obinutuzumab (some cases fatal). Acute renal failure, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, and/or hyperphosphatemia may occur. Administer prophylaxis (antihyperuricemic therapy [eg, allopurinol or rasburicase] and hydration) in patients at high risk (high circulating lymphocyte counts [>25,000/mm3], high tumor burden, or renal impairment) prior to initiating obinutuzumab therapy (administer prior to each subsequent cycle if needed). Monitor lab parameters during initial treatment days in patients at risk for TLS. Correct electrolyte abnormalities; monitor renal function and hydration status, and administer supportive care, including dialysis as indicated.
Concurrent drug therapy issues:
- Antihypertensives: Due to the risk for hypotension, consider temporarily withholding antihypertensive therapies for 12 hours prior to, during, and for 1 hour after administration.
- Antiplatelet/anticoagulant medications: Due to the risk for thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic events (particularly during the first cycle), consider withholding anticoagulants, platelet inhibitors, or other medications which may increase bleeding risk.
- Drug-drug interactions: Potentially significant interactions may exist, requiring dose or frequency adjustment, additional monitoring, and/or selection of alternative therapy. Consult drug interactions database for more detailed information.
- Immunizations: Administration of live virus vaccines during treatment (and until B-cell recovery) is not recommended; the safety and efficacy of immunization with live or attenuated viral vaccines during or after obinutuzumab therapy has not been determined. If obinutuzumab exposure occurs during pregnancy, the safety and timing of live virus vaccinations for the infant should be evaluated.
Adverse effects were observed in animal reproduction studies. Monoclonal antibodies are known to cross the placenta. Based on the mechanism of action and on animal data, if exposure occurs during pregnancy, B-cell counts may be depleted and immunologic function may be affected in the neonate after birth. Administration of live vaccines to neonates and infants exposed in utero should be avoided until after B-cell recovery. The Canadian labeling recommends that women of child bearing potential use effective contraception during therapy and for 18 months after the last treatment.
Obinutuzumab is a glycoengineered type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. The CD20 antigen is expressed on the surface of pre B- and mature B-lymphocytes; upon binding to CD20, obinutuzumab activates complement-dependent cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, resulting in cell death (Sehn 2012).
Vd: ~4.1 to 4.3 L
~26.4 to 36.8 days
- Discuss specific use of drug and side effects with patient as it relates to treatment. (HCAHPS: During this hospital stay, were you given any medicine that you had not taken before? Before giving you any new medicine, how often did hospital staff tell you what the medicine was for? How often did hospital staff describe possible side effects in a way you could understand?)
- Patient may experience diarrhea, myalgia, or dyspepsia. Have patient report immediately to prescriber signs of infection, signs of hemorrhaging, signs of hepatic impairment, tachycardia, severe headache, significant asthenia, signs of tumor lysis syndrome, chills, arthralgia, myalgia, facial flushing, facial edema, emesis, dyspnea, considerable dizziness, syncope, or angina (HCAHPS).
- Educate patient about signs of a significant reaction (eg, wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat). Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Patient should consult prescriber for additional questions.
Intended Use and Disclaimer: Should not be printed and given to patients. This information is intended to serve as a concise initial reference for healthcare professionals to use when discussing medications with a patient. You must ultimately rely on your own discretion, experience and judgment in diagnosing, treating and advising patients.