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Icatibant


General


Pronunciation

(eye KAT i bant)


Brand Names: U.S.

  • Firazyr

Indications


Use: Labeled Indications

Hereditary angioedema: Treatment of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema (HAE)


Contraindications


There are no contraindications listed in the U.S. manufacturer 's labeling.

Canadian labeling: Hypersensitivity to icatibant acetate or any component of the formulation.


Dosing and Administration


Dosing: Adult

Hereditary angioedema (HAE): SubQ: 30 mg; may repeat every 6 hours if response is inadequate or symptoms recur (maximum daily dose: 90 mg).

ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema (off-label use): SubQ: 30 mg; if symptoms of angioedema continue to worsen after 6 hours, a second injection may be administered. The authors administered intravenous prednisolone (not available in the US) with the second dose of icatibant (Bas, 2015).


Dosing: Geriatric

Refer to adult dosing. Systemic exposure may be increased; however, no dosage adjustments are recommended.


Dosing: Renal Impairment

No dosage adjustments are recommended (has not been studied); however, icatibant is cleared by nonrenal mechanisms and is not expected to accumulate in patients with renal impairment.


Dosing: Hepatic Impairment

No dosage adjustments necessary.


Administration

For SubQ injection only. Inject into the abdomen over ≥30 seconds, using the 25 gauge needle provided. Inject 2 to 4 inches below belly button and away from any scars; do not inject into an area that is bruised, swollen, or painful.

Hazardous agent; use appropriate precautions for handling and disposal (NIOSH 2014 [group 3]).


Storage

Store between 2 ‚ °C to 25 ‚ °C (36 ‚ °F to 77 ‚ °F); do not freeze. Store in original container until time of administration.


Dosage Forms/Strengths


Dosage Forms

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

Solution, Subcutaneous [preservative free]:

Firazyr: 30 mg/3 mL (3 mL)


Drug Interactions

ACE Inhibitors: Icatibant may diminish the antihypertensive effect of ACE Inhibitors. Monitor therapy


Monitoring Parameters

Symptom relief; laryngeal symptoms or airway obstruction (immediate medical attention required in addition to icatibant therapy)


Adverse Reactions


>10%: Local: Injection site reaction (97%)

1% to 10%:

Central nervous system: Dizziness (3%)

Hepatic: Increased serum transaminase (4%)

Miscellaneous: Fever (4%)

<1% (Limited to important or life-threatening): Antibody development (anti-icatibant, no association with efficacy observed), chest pain, headache, myocardial infarction, nausea, skin rash


Warnings/Precautions


Special Populations: Elderly

Elderly subjects had a 2-fold higher AUC compared with younger subjects. Only minor differences (12% to 14%) in Cmax were observed. No dosage adjustment is needed.


Special Populations: Gender

Women have a 2-fold higher AUC and Cmax compared with men because of differences in body weight. Dosage adjustment is not needed.


Warnings/Precautions

Concerns related to adverse effects:

- Airway obstruction: Airway obstruction may occur during acute laryngeal attacks of HAE. Patients with laryngeal attacks should be instructed to seek medical attention immediately in addition to treatment with icatibant.

- CNS effects: Dizziness has been observed following use; advise patients to use caution when driving or operating machinery.

Special handling:

- Hazardous agent: Use appropriate precautions for handling and disposal (NIOSH 2014 [group 3]).


Pregnancy Risk Factor

C


Pregnancy Considerations

Adverse events were observed in animal reproduction studies with doses close to or less than the recommended human dose. Has not been adequately studied in pregnant women.


Actions


Pharmacology

Icatibant is a selective competitive antagonist for the bradykinin B2 receptor. Patients with HAE have an absence or dysfunction of C1-esterase-inhibitor which leads to the production of bradykinin. The presence of bradykinin may cause symptoms of localized swelling, inflammation, and pain. Icatibant inhibits bradykinin from binding at the B2 receptor, thereby treating the symptoms associated with acute attack.


Distribution

Vdss: 20.3 to 37.7 L


Metabolism

Metabolized by proteolytic enzymes to metabolites (inactive)


Excretion

Urine (<10% unchanged)


Onset of Action

Median time to 50% decrease of symptoms: ~2 hours


Time to Peak

0.75 hours


Duration of Action

Inhibits symptoms caused by bradykinin for ~6 hours


Half-Life Elimination

1 to 1.8 hours


Patient and Family Education


Patient Education

- Discuss specific use of drug and side effects with patient as it relates to treatment. (HCAHPS: During this hospital stay, were you given any medicine that you had not taken before? Before giving you any new medicine, how often did hospital staff tell you what the medicine was for? How often did hospital staff describe possible side effects in a way you could understand?)

- Have patient report immediately to prescriber severe injection site irritation (HCAHPS).

- Educate patient about signs of a significant reaction (eg, wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat). Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Patient should consult prescriber for additional questions.

Intended Use and Disclaimer: Should not be printed and given to patients. This information is intended to serve as a concise initial reference for healthcare professionals to use when discussing medications with a patient. You must ultimately rely on your own discretion, experience and judgment in diagnosing, treating and advising patients.

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