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Clioquinol and Hydrocortisone


General


Pronunciation

(klye oh KWIN ole & hye droe KOR ti sone)


Brand Names: U.S.

  • Ala-Quin
  • Dermasorb AF

Indications


Use: Labeled Indications

Dermatologic disorders: Acute and chronic dermatologic disorders including contact or atopic dermatitis; impetiginized eczema; nummular eczema; infantile eczema; endogenous chronic infectious dermatitis; stasis dermatitis; pyoderma; nuchal eczema and chronic eczematoid otitis externa; acne urticata; localized or disseminated neurodermatitis; lichen simplex chronicus; anogenital pruritus (vulvae, scroti, ani); folliculitis; bacterial dermatoses; mycotic dermatoses such as tinea (capitis, cruris, corporis, pedis); moniliasis; intertrigo.


Contraindications


Intolerance to iodochlorhydroxyquin, hydrocortisone, chloroxine, iodine, iodine-containing preparations, or related compounds; herpes simplex, vaccinia, eczema vaccinia, varicella, or other viral infections of the skin.

Canadian labeling: Additional contraindications (not in U.S. labeling): Tuberculosis of the skin; syphilitic skin infections; application to ulcerated areas or to the eye; children <2 years.


Dosing and Administration


Dosing: Adult

Dermatologic disorders: Topical:

U.S. labeling: Apply a thin film 3 to 4 times daily.

Canadian labeling: Apply a thin film 2 to 3 times daily.


Dosing: Geriatric

Refer to adult dosing.


Dosing: Pediatric

Dermatologic disorders: Children ≥2 years and Adolescents: Refer to adult dosing


Dosing: Renal Impairment

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer 's labeling.


Dosing: Hepatic Impairment

There are no dosage adjustments provided in the manufacturer 's labeling.


Administration

For external use only; avoid contact with eyes. Apply a thin film to clean, dry skin and rub in gently. Can stain skin and fabric. Use of occlusive dressings is not recommended.


Storage

Store at 15 ‚ °C to 30 ‚ °C (59 ‚ °F to 86 ‚ °F); protect from freezing.


Dosage Forms/Strengths


Dosage Forms

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling.

Cream, External:

Ala-Quin: Clioquinol 3% and hydrocortisone 0.5% (28.4 g, 80 g)

Dermasorb AF: Clioquinol 3% and hydrocortisone 0.5% (30 g) [packaged in a kit with Dermasorb hydrating serum]


Drug Interactions

Aldesleukin: Corticosteroids may diminish the antineoplastic effect of Aldesleukin. Avoid combination

Ceritinib: Corticosteroids may enhance the hyperglycemic effect of Ceritinib. Monitor therapy

Corticorelin: Corticosteroids may diminish the therapeutic effect of Corticorelin. Specifically, the plasma ACTH response to corticorelin may be blunted by recent or current corticosteroid therapy. Monitor therapy

Deferasirox: Corticosteroids may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Deferasirox. Specifically, the risk for GI ulceration/irritation or GI bleeding may be increased. Monitor therapy

Hyaluronidase: Corticosteroids may diminish the therapeutic effect of Hyaluronidase. Management: Patients receiving corticosteroids (particularly at larger doses) may not experience the desired clinical response to standard doses of hyaluronidase. Larger doses of hyaluronidase may be required. Consider therapy modification


Monitoring Parameters

Observe affected area for increased irritation; growth in children.


Lab Test Interferences


Test Interactions

Thyroid function tests; false-positive ferric chloride test for phenylketonuria.


Adverse Reactions


Reported with combination product; frequency not defined.

Dermatologic: Allergic skin reaction, dyschromia, epidermal thinning, hair discoloration, skin rash

Hematologic & oncologic: Nonthrombocytopenic purpura


Warnings/Precautions


Concerns related to adverse effects:

- Adrenal suppression: Systemic absorption of topical corticosteroids may cause hypercorticism or suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, particularly in younger children or in patients receiving high doses for prolonged periods. HPA axis suppression may lead to adrenal crisis.

- Sensitization: Topical use has been associated with irritation (rare); discontinue use if irritation occurs.

- Superinfection: Prolonged use may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms requiring appropriate therapy.

- Staining: May stain skin and fabrics; may discolor (yellowing) hair and fingernails (rare).

- Systemic effects: Topical corticosteroids may be absorbed percutaneously. Absorption of topical corticosteroids may cause manifestations of Cushing syndrome, hyperglycemia, and/or glycosuria. Absorption is increased by the use of occlusive dressings, application to denuded skin, or application to large surface areas.

Disease-related concerns:

- Hepatic impairment: Use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment.

- Renal impairment: Use with caution in patients with renal impairment.

- Thyroid disease: Use caution in patients with thyroid disease.

Special populations:

- Pediatric: Topical application poses a potential risk of toxicity to infants and children; striae has been reported with use of some corticosteroids in infants and children. Children may absorb proportionally larger amounts of corticosteroids after topical application and may be more prone to systemic effects. HPA axis suppression, intracranial hypertension, and Cushing syndrome have been reported in children receiving topical corticosteroids. Prolonged use may affect growth velocity; growth should be routinely monitored in pediatric patients.

Other warnings/precautions:

- Appropriate response: Re-evaluate patient if no response within 1 to 2 weeks.

- Appropriate use: Avoid use on large or eroded areas, use for >1 week, and use of occlusive dressings.


Pregnancy Risk Factor

C


Pregnancy Considerations

Adverse events have been observed with corticosteroids in animal reproduction studies. Topical products are not recommended for extensive use, in large quantities, or for long periods of time in pregnant women (Reed, 1997).


Actions


Pharmacology

Clioquinol is a broad spectrum antibacterial and antifungal agent; hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid that decreases inflammation by suppression of migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and reversal of increased capillary permeability.


Absorption

Topical corticosteroids are absorbed percutaneously. The extent is dependent on several factors, including epidermal integrity (intact vs abraded skin), formulation, and the use of occlusive dressings


Metabolism

Hepatic


Excretion

Urine, bile


Patient and Family Education


Patient Education

- Discuss specific use of drug and side effects with patient as it relates to treatment. (HCAHPS: During this hospital stay, were you given any medicine that you had not taken before? Before giving you any new medicine, how often did hospital staff tell you what the medicine was for? How often did hospital staff describe possible side effects in a way you could understand?)

- Have patient report immediately to prescriber signs of high blood sugar (confusion, feeling sleepy, more thirst, hunger, passing urine more often, flushing, fast breathing, or breath that smells like fruit), signs of skin changes (pimples, stretch marks, slow healing, or hair growth), weight gain, bruising, bleeding, or severe skin irritation (HCAHPS).

- Educate patient about signs of a significant reaction (eg, wheezing; chest tightness; fever; itching; bad cough; blue skin color; seizures; or swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat). Note: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Patient should consult prescriber for additional questions.

Intended Use and Disclaimer: Should not be printed and given to patients. This information is intended to serve as a concise initial reference for healthcare professionals to use when discussing medications with a patient. You must ultimately rely on your own discretion, experience and judgment in diagnosing, treating and advising patients.

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